中国戒烟门诊现状调查

目的 了解我国戒烟门诊运行现状和面临的挑战,为今后的控烟工作提供证据支持。方法 2013年采用电话调查的方式对我国201家戒烟门诊进行问卷调查,采用半结构式访谈的方法对6家戒烟门诊负责人进行访谈,并采用面对面调查方式对北京地区398名吸烟者进行问卷调查。使用SPSS 19.0软件进行统计学分析。结果 全国仍在正常运行的戒烟门诊有94家,51%的戒烟门诊设置在呼吸内科,平均配备出诊医生或护士3.24人,近一个月平均每周接诊量为6.92人。针对北京戒烟门诊和吸烟者调查显示,戒烟门诊病例的一个月戒烟成功率在50%以上;公众对戒烟门诊知晓率为48%;如果要戒烟,会选择去戒烟门诊的比例为21.9%;不选择的主要原因是认为吸烟不是“疾病”。结论 戒烟门诊就诊量少,导致戒烟门诊数量大幅下降,政府和医院应共同努力加大戒烟门诊的宣传力度,提高公众对戒烟门诊的认识和接受程度,建立良好的戒烟门诊转诊机制,提高医务人员戒烟咨询能力。

Investigation and analysis on current status of smoking cessation clinics in China

Objective To understand the current status of smoking cessation clinics in China,and provide evidence for tobacco control in the future. Methods A questionnaire survey through telephone interview was conducted among 201 smoking cessation clinics in China in 2013,in addition,face-to-face questionnaire surveys were conducted in 6 smoking cessation clinics and among 398 smokers in Beijing. SPSS 19.0 Software was used for the data analysis. Results A total of 94 smoking cessation clinics were still in operation in China,in which 51% belonged to the department of respiratory diseases in hospitals. Averagely,there were 3.24 doctors or nurses in each clinic,and the average weekly clinic admission was 6.92 smokers in recent months. The face to face interview indicated that one month quit rate was above 50%. Among smokers surveyed,48% were aware of cessation clinics and 21.9% would go to clinics if they want to stop smoking. The reason for which smokers didn''t choose clinics was that they didn''t believe tobacco dependence was a disease. Conclusion The number of smoking cessation clinics decreased obviously in China. Government and hospitals should take joint action to improve the awareness and acceptance of smoking cessation clinic among the public,establish comprehensive referral system,and improve the cessation intervention capacity of public health providers.