浙江省2013年成人吸烟及被动吸烟现状调查

目的 描述2013年浙江省成人吸烟、戒烟和被动吸烟的流行水平及其不同教育水平、职业和地区分布的特点,判断烟草流行变化趋势.方法 采取多阶段分层随机抽样方法,对浙江省45个监测点13 408名15～69岁居民进行入户问卷调查,其中有13 326人合格问卷用于分析.采用总吸烟率、现在吸烟率、常吸烟率、戒烟率、“二手烟”暴露率等指标,根据2010年第六次普查人口进行加权计算.结果 浙江省15～69岁人群中有1 289.65万成年吸烟者(29.59%),其中现在吸烟者998.76万(22.92%),常吸烟者844.72万(19.38%),男性和女性现在吸烟率分别为41.18%和3.69%,男性中45～54岁组最高(51.66%),女性65～69岁组最高(4.62%);人群戒烟率为22.56%,40.19%的现在吸烟者中有戒烟的考虑,选择的主要戒烟方式是“靠自己毅力戒烟”(87.59%);15～69岁人群中有2 276.77万(67.90%) “二手烟”暴露者,以室内场所烟草暴露率最高(62.84%);人群对吸烟、被动吸烟引起其他疾病的认知普遍偏低,对主动吸烟引起3种疾病的知晓率仅为31.52%,对被动吸烟引起3种疾病的知晓率仅为34.04%.结论 浙江省15～69岁居民吸烟和“二手烟”暴露状况严重,对烟草知识的认知率不足.

Smoking and secondhand smoking in Zhejiang province,China

Objective To describe the prevalence rates of smoking,quitting and passive smoking in different populations on their status of education,occupation and geographic distribution. Methods A total of 13 408 residents aged 15-69 from 45 counties through stratified multi-stage cluster sampling from Zhejiang province were selected and surveyed,using questionnaires. Data from 13 326 subjects were used for analysis. Indicators as smoking,current smoking,and secondhand smoke exposure,etc.,were calculated by weight on age proportions from the 2010 census. Results Among the adults aged 15 years and older,there were an estimated number of 12.90 million (29.59%) smokers,with 9.99 million (22.92%) current smokers,8.45 million (19.38%) daily current smokers. The prevalence rates of smoking were 41.18% for men,3.69% for women,with 45-54 year-old group the highest (51.66%) for men while the group of 65-69 year-olds was the highest (4.62%) in women. The overall rate of quitting was 22.56%. 40.19% of the smokers had thought about quitting,with the main means as self-restriction (87.59%) in conducting the behavior of smoking cessation.Among those non-smokers at age 15 or older,it was estimated that 67.90% (22.77 million) of them had been exposed to secondhand smoke. SHS exposure was the highest in the indoor workplace (62.84%),among all the venues. Knowledge on tobacco among residents seemed to be relatively poor,with only 31.52% of the population were aware that smoking could cause serious three diseases (stoke,heart disease,and lung cancer). 34.04% of the population were aware that secondhand smoking could cause all the three diseases (heart disease,lung disease,and lung cancer). Conclusion Current prevalence of smoking in males in Zhejiang province remained at a high level,indicating that the publicity programs on the knowledge of smoking tobacco was not strong enough and the task of control smoking should be taken more arduously.