中国鼠疫耶尔森菌差异区段分型及其地理分布特征

目的 研究中国鼠疫耶尔森菌差异区段（DFR）分型及地理分布特征。方法 对分离自中国11个疫源地3 044株鼠疫菌，应用23个DFR和质粒验证（PMT1）PCR扩增，进行鼠疫菌DFR基因组分型及地理分布特征分析。结果 3 044株鼠疫菌共包括52个基因组型，其中19个为主要基因组型、33个为次要基因组型。在以往鉴定的31个基因组型基础上又增加了 21个新基因组型。其中增加的3个新基因组型均为主要基因组型，即青藏高原喜马拉雅旱獭鼠疫自然疫源地新增加32型、44型，内蒙古高原长爪沙鼠鼠疫自然疫源地新增加50型。结论 在新增加的 21个新基因组型中有3个为主要基因组型，中国鼠疫菌DFR主要基因组型具有明显的地理分布特征。

Regional genotyping and the geographical distribution regarding Yersinia pestis isolates in China

Objective To type Yersinia (Y.) pestis isolates under different regions (DFR) and to observe their geographical distributions in China. Methods 23 DFRs primers and PMT1 (plasmid) primer were used to verify the DFR genomovars of Y. pestiss strains from 11 plague foci in China. A total of 3 044 Y. pestis isolates were involved for analysis on DFR profiles with the characteristics of geographical distribution. Results 52 genomovars were verified in 3 044 Y. pestis strains in China in which 19 genomovars as major and 33 genomovars as minor genomovar. 21 new genomovars,namely genomovar 32 to genomovar 52 were described on the basis of 31 genomovars previously confirmed. Three new genomovars belonged to new major genomovars,namely Himalayan marmot natural plague foci of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau newly added genomovar 32 and genomovar 44 as major genomovars. Mongolian gerbil natural plague foci of Inner Mongolia plateau were newly added genomovar 50 as one of the major genomovars. Conclusion Among 21 new genomovars,3 were major genomars,with Chinese Y. pestis DFR as the major genomars which had obvious distribution characteristics.