经椎弓根椎体支柱块置入治疗胸腰椎骨折的短期疗效观察

目的 研究经椎弓根置入椎体支柱块并植骨治疗胸腰椎骨折的方法和疗效. 方法收集2008年3月-2009年7月采用经椎弓根椎体支柱块并植骨治疗胸腰椎骨折患者共23例(25个椎体,共用47枚椎体支柱块),T11骨折2例,T12骨折9例,L1骨折7例,L2骨折5例,其中4例采用椎板间开窗减压椎弓根固定联合椎体支柱块治疗.观察手术操作过程、手术用时、术中出血量、术后及随访期间摄X线片,测定伤椎前缘高度与正常高度的比值、Cobb角的矫正程度及术后早期恢复情况. 结果 23例患者均获7～16个月(12.5±0.4)个月]随访,术后椎体高度丢失少,术后伤椎前缘压缩率及Cobb角均较术前明显改善(P＜0.05). 结论椎体支柱块治疗胸腰椎骨折可有效恢复椎体力学性能,减少椎体高度再丢失、后凸畸形重现等并发症,具有手术时间短、出血少、恢复快、更符合生物学固定等优点,是治疗胸腰椎骨折较理想的方法.

Short-term therapeutic effect of vertebral pillar block insertion through vertebral pedicle in treatment of thoracolumbar vertebral fractures

Objective To study the therapeutic effect of vertebral pillar block insertion through vertebral pedicle in treatment of thoracolumbar vertebral fractures. Methods The study involved 23patients (25 vertebrae and 47 vertebral pillar blocks) with thoracolumbar vertebral fractures treated with vertebral pillar block insertion through vertebral pedicle in our hospital from March 2008 to July 2009.There were two patients with T11 fractures, nine with T12 fractures, seven with L1 fractures and five with L2 fractures (four patients were treated with decompression by fenestration between vertebral plates and vertebral pedicle fixation with vertebral pillar block). Surgical operation, operation duration, blood loss during operation, postoperative and follow-up X-ray films were observed, and the ratio of anterior vertebral height and normal height, degree of Cobb angle correction and early postoperative recovery were determined. Results Twenty-three patients were followed up for 7-16 months (mean 12.5 months),which showed little postoperative vertebral height loss and significantly improved postoperative anterior vertebral compression rate and the Cobb angle (P ＜ 0. 05). Conclusions Vertebral pillar block can effectively restore the mechanical properties of vertebral bodies, reduce further loss of vertebral height,kyphosis reproduction and other complications and take advantages of shorter operative time, less bleeding, faster recovery and better adaptation to the biological fixation in treatment of thoracolumbar vertebral fractures.