Spontaneous mycotic external iliac artery aneurysm rupture after perforated acute appendicitis in a renal allograft recipient

Acute appendicitis is uncommon after renal transplant. Infection with Candida albicans can produce serious complications by compromising the vascular anastomosis. In such cases, the origin of Candida albicans is often in the gastrointestinal system. Here, we report 2 uncommon complications that occurred in the same patient. A 27-year-old female renal transplant patient with appendicitis presented to our institution with acute graft failure. The patient was treated with an appendectomy and a transplant nephrectomy. Subsequently, the patient had a mycotic pseudoaneurysm rupture of the external iliac artery secondary to Candida albicans infection that originated possibly in the gastrointestinal system. This complication was further treated with a cross-femoral bypass. The occurrence of these 2 complications together is rare.