腓骨移植与儿童踝关节生长紊乱

为探讨儿童腓骨移植后对供区踝关节发育有无影响。对４例吻合血管的腓骨移植儿童进行了临床及Ｘ线片随访观察，随访时间９～１２年，平均１０年。结果，自述供侧肢体无不适，整体生长情况正常，步态正常。Ｘ线片示：胫骨远端骨骺呈内高外低的“楔样变”，骨骺线与胫骨纵轴线角度正常，胫距关节间隙向外倾斜，关节间隙正常。距骨呈外高内低改变，均有踝穴外翻。内外踝发育较小，胫骨外侧骨皮质较内侧皮质厚。其中１例骨骺外侧半出现坏死改变，踝穴外翻、变浅。认为，破坏儿童腓骨的结构完整性——无论切取多长腓骨，必然引起踝关节生长紊乱。强调临床上应严格掌握儿童腓骨移植的适应证。

DISTURBANCE OF DEVELOPMENT OF ANKLE JOINT FROM TRANSPLANTATION OF VASCULARIZED FIBULAR GRAFT IN CHILDHOOD/

From 1980 to 1985, 21 cases of free transplantation of fibula were performed. There were 6 children in this series, and 4 children were followed up for 9 to 12 years (average 10 years). The X ray showed that distal epiphysis of tibia had a normal width at the medial side and gradully tapered toward the lateral side in a "wedge shaped" apperance. The articular space of the tibiotalar joint inclined to the fibular side. The hight of the talus was higher laterally, leading to eversion deformity of the ankle joint. The medial and lateral malleoli were smaller than normal, and thus the ankle joint mortise became shallow. The trabeculae of the tibia were irregularly arranged. The lateral cortex of the tibia was thicker than that of the medial one. In one case, the bone density of the lateral side of the "wedge shaped" epiphysis had increased as high as that of the cortex with disappearance of trabeculae. The biomechanics of fibular bone and the mechanism of development of disturbance of ankle joint in childhood were analyzed. Close attention should be paid to this disturbance.