犬牙周膜中神经纤维的形态特点及分析

目的通过免疫组织化学染色方法鉴定犬牙周膜中神经纤维的性质。方法获取健康成年比格犬第二前磨牙近中至第三前磨牙远中牙槽骨颊舌侧下牙槽神经管上方的完整牙槽骨块，制作硬组织切片后进行S100、神经丝蛋白（NFP）免疫组织化学染色，显微镜下观察犬牙周膜中的神经分布。结果犬牙周膜中分布的S100（+）组织呈以下几种形态：密集环形组织聚成不同直径的束状结构；条形纤维状伴行于管腔状结构；游离末梢状或椭圆形片层状深染结构。NFP（+）组织分布特点与S100（+）相似，但形态主要为不同直径条索状纤维结构，呈束状、游离末梢状或分枝状散布于牙周膜胶原纤维束中。结论S100免疫组织化学结果可初步判断犬牙周膜中神经纤维的结构，NFP免疫组织化学结果可比较神经轴突的粗细区分神经类型，从而有助于鉴定犬牙周膜中神经纤维的性质。

Morphological features and analysis of the nerve fibers in the periodontal ligament of dogs

ObjectiveTo identify the properties of nerve fibers of dogs by immunohistochemical staining method. Methods Intact bone blocks above the inferior alveolar nerve canal were cut from the medial of the second premolar to the distal of the third premolar of healthy adult Beagle dogs of 18 months, embedded to make hard tissue sections, stained with S100 and neurofilament protein (NFP) antibodies, and finally observed the nerve distribution under the microscope. Results The distribution of S100 positive tissue in the periodontal ligament of dogs showed the following patterns: bundles of densely gathered rings with different diameters, filaments accompanied by lumens, free endings and deep-dyeing oval lamellasome. The location of NFP positive tissue was similar to that of S100 positive tissue, but the distribution of these NFP positive filaments with various diameters showed largely as bundles, free ending and branches scattering in periodontal membrane. Conclusion We may firstly distinguish the structure of the nerve fibers in periodontal ligament of nerve distribution, and then judge the categories of the nerve fibers by S100 immunohistochemistry furtherly according to comparison of the thickness of neural axon by NFP immunohistochemistry, and finally distinct the function and attribute of the nerve fibers in the periodontal ligament of dogs.