Comparative toxicity of the phytotoxins (8R,16R)-(-)-pyrenophorin and (5S,8R,13S,16R)-(-)-pyrenophorol on aquatic organisms |
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| Authors: | Chrysayi-Tokousbalides M Machera K Kyriakopoulou K Aliferis K A Schrader K K Tsoutsanis I Anastasiadou P |
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| Affiliation: | (1) Pesticide Science Laboratory, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, 118 55 Athens, Greece;(2) Laboratory of Pesticides Toxicology, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, 8 Stefanou Delta Street, Kifissia, 145 61 Athens, Greece;(3) United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, National Center for Natural Products Research, P.O. Box 8048, University, MS 38677, USA |
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| Abstract: | The acute toxicities of the fungal phytotoxins (8R,16R)-(−)-pyrenophorin and (5S,8R,13S,16R)-(−)-pyrenophorol on Vibrio fischeri, Oscillatoria perornata, Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Lemna minor and Artemia fransiscana were evaluated. (8R,16R)-(−)-pyrenophorin was more toxic than (5S,8R,13S,16R)-(−)-pyrenophorol to V. fischeri, O. perornata, L. minor and A. fransiscana. The highest acute toxicity of (8R,16R)-(−)-pyrenophorin was exhibited on V. fischeri (5 min median effective concentration of 3.57 M 10−5) whereas the corresponding value for (5S,8R,13S,16R)-(−)-pyrenophorol was 801 M 10−5. P. subcapitata exhibited a lack of sensitivity (median inhibitory concentration of >10 M 10−5) to both phytotoxins. |
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| Keywords: | Phytotoxin selectivity Aquatic organisms |
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