哈尔滨市盲校学生致盲原因及视力调查

目的探讨儿童盲早期防治和康复的重要性。方法应用眼科常规方法对73名盲校学生进行全面检查。并对致盲原因及视力进行分析。结果病因以先天性和遗传性眼病为主要因素。其中第一位为先天性白内障、术后无晶体眼(24.66%);第二位为重度屈光不正(伴有或不伴有斜视),占13.70%。视力,该盲校中有可利用残余视力(视力≥0.02)者为79.46%。视力为光感与无光感者15例,占总数的20.55%。盲目者占47.94%;低视力及以上者占52.06%。结论哈尔滨市盲校学生致盲原因中,第一位为先天性白内障、术后无晶体眼,提示眼病的早期诊断和治疗的重要性。第二位为重度屈光不正,提示屈光不正患儿的早期验光配镜对于防盲是极为重要的。学生中存在大量有残余视力者,根据视力情况进行分班教学、区别教育极为重要。

Investigation and analysis of the causes of blindness and the visual acuities in Harbin Blind children school 2002

To investigate and analysis the causes and residual vision in Harbin Blind School, and to suggest the importance of the earlier prevention and rehabilitation to the children blindness. Methods The routine examinations of ophthalmology were used to check the students overall. The best correction of vision was recorded. Results In the causes of blindness, Congenital/hereditary factors were the main causes of blindness, the first cause of blindness in order was congenital cataract and post-operation aphakia (24.66%); the next was serious ametropia(13.70%). In vision, 79.46%of the students had the usable vision .Fifteen cases had the light or no light perception of vision (20.55%). 52.06% of the students had low vision and above . Conclusions The first cause of blindness was congenital cataract and post-operation aphakia, which illustrated the importance of earlier period diagnosis and cure to the eye diseases. Most of the students had usable vision in Harbin Blind School, so it is necessary to promote the distinctive education in blind school in China.