小儿肺结核的CT表现

目的通过回顾性分析小儿肺结核CT资料,总结小儿肺结核的CT表现特征。方法3~30个月小儿肺结核病例18例,其中粟粒型肺结核6例,非粟粒型肺结核12例。评价的CT表现为:粟粒结节、腺泡结节、小叶或段性实变、支气管气象、大叶实变及肺不张、空洞、纤维化条索及钙化、胸内淋巴结增大、胸腔积液等。结果粟粒型肺结核通常表现为大小、密度及分布“三均匀”的粟粒结节。非粟粒型肺结核通常表现为边界模糊的小叶和段性实变伴支气管气象,胸内淋巴结增大,腺泡结节和大叶性实变及肺不张;上述表现发生率超过半数和接近半数。结论粟粒型小儿肺结核以“三均匀”的粟粒结节为CT特征,非粟粒型小儿肺结核以多形性肺实变混合存在和胸内淋巴结增大为CT特征,上述CT表现似乎反映了小儿肺结核的病理特点和病变进展过程,全面认识小儿肺结核的CT特征对小儿肺结核的早期诊断有帮助。

Baby Pulmonary Tuberculosis CT Findings

Objective Our study was to describe the CT findings of pulmonary tuberculosis in baby and to sum up the characteristic CT findings.Methods 18 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis,whose age were under 3 years,including 6 cases acute pulmonary military tuberculosis and 12 cases non-military pulmonary tuberculosis were retrospectively analyzed by two radiologists.CT images in these cases were assessed for the presence of military shadow,acinar shadow,air space consolidation,air bronchogram,lobar consolidation or atelectasis,enlargement of lymph node,cavity,fibrosis and calcification,and distribution of abnormal attenuation.Results Acute military tuberculosis showed military shadow with homogeneous distribution(6/6).Non-military tuberculosis showed air space consolidation with lobular and segmental distribution(9/12),air brouchogram(7/12),enlargement lymph node of hilar or mediastinal(7/12),acinar shadow(6/12),and lobar consolidation or atelectasis(5/12).Conclusion Characteristic CT findings of baby acute military pulmonary tuberculosis is military shadow with homogeneous distribution.Characteristic CT findings of non-military baby pulmonary tuberculosis is polymorphism air space consolidation mix existing and Mediastinal and hilar lymphadenopathy.These CT features seem to reflect pathologic specialty and the progression of the lesion development.This information maybe helpful to the early diagnosis of the baby pulmonary tuberculosis.