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Exposition aux particules atmosphériques fines et développement des maladies allergiques de l’enfant. Résultats épidémiologiques issus de l’étude des six villes (ISAAC-2 France)
Authors:I. Annesi-Maesano  F. Lavaud  Y. Le Moullec  G. Pauli
Affiliation:a Inserm U 707, EPAR, Paris, France
b UMR S 707, EPAR, université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie - Paris-6, Paris, France
c Service de pneumologie, hôpital Montpied, Clermont-Ferrand, France
d Service de pneumologie, hôpital Maison-Blanche, Reims, France
e Laboratoire d’hygiène de la ville de Paris, Paris, France
f Service de pneumologie, hôpital du Haut-Lévêque, Bordeaux, France
g Service de pneumologie, hôpitaux Civils, Strasbourg, France
h Service de pneumologie-allergologie, hôpital Nord, chemin des Bourrely, 13915 Marseille, France
Abstract:To evaluate whether fine air particles could be involved in the occurrence of atopy and allergic diseases, we performed a cross-sectional epidemiological survey involving primary schoolchildren living in six French towns with contrasted air pollution levels. Air pollution was measured during a week in the schoolyards and by standard air monitoring networks. Children get an examination in school looking for atopic dermatitis and bronchial hyperresponsiveness assessed by a standardized run test. Besides, parents or guardians provided past medical history and environmental data, especially on passive smoking. Overall, 5338 children, aged 10.4 (± 0.7) years, coming from 108 different schools and 401 different classes were included in the survey. Taking into account potential confounders, high exposure to proximity PM2.5 was linked to a higher-point prevalence of atopic dermatitis and hyperresponsiveness, to a higher cumulative prevalence of allergic asthma and a higher sensitization rate to common indoor allergens. Thus, these data suggest that chronic exposure to urban fine particles could be a risk factor for atopy, hyperresponsiveness and asthma.
Keywords:Enfants   Environnement   Pollution atmosphé  rique   Pollution urbaine   Asthme   Allergie   Tests cutané  s   NO2   PM2,5
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