Influence of environmental factors on the onset and course of inflammatory bowel disease |
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Authors: | Amit Kumar Dutta Ashok Chacko |
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Affiliation: | Amit Kumar Dutta, Department of Gastrointestinal Sciences, Christian Medical College, Vellore 632004, IndiaAmit Kumar Dutta, Department of Digestive Disorders, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen AB24 3FX, United KingdomAshok Chacko, Institute of Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, The Madras Medical Mission, Chennai 600037, India |
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Abstract: | Numerous environmental factors have been linked with inflammatory bowel disease. These include smoking, diet, hygiene, drugs, geographical and psychosocial factors. These factors may either increase the risk of or protect against developing this condition and can also affect the course of illness in a positive or negative manner. A number of studies have examined the influence of environmental factors on inflammatory bowel diseases as a whole as well as on ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease separately. As there are differences in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, the effect of environmental factors on their onset and course is not always similar. Some factors have shown a consistent association, while reports on others have been conflicting. In this article we discuss the current evidence on the roles of these factors on inflammatory bowel disease, both as causative/protective agents and as modifiers of disease course. |
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Keywords: | Environmental factors Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Etiology Outcome |
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