北京市城区公众无偿献血认知-态度-行为调查

目的调查北京市城区公众无偿献血认知-态度-行为。方法应用自设问卷,对995名公众进行问卷调查,内容涉及一般资料、无偿献血知识、动机、行为等。结果公众无偿献血知识总知晓率偏低(34.7%),有献血经历者知晓率(60.7%)高于无献血经历者(13.6%)。奉献爱心以及自己和家人享受用血优惠政策是公众无偿献血的主要动机;有献血经历者不愿意献血的原因主要是献血不方便、献血出现不适、工作人员态度或技术差,而无献血经历者则主要怕传染疾病、影响身体健康。公众认为媒体宣传(92%)、举办大型讲座(55.8%)、血站自己宣传(51.8%)更能引人关注。结论公众对无偿献血的认知-态度-行为有待提高。应广泛深入地开展无偿献血宣传工作,提高血站服务水平,以使无偿献血工作全面良性发展。

Investigation on knowledge,attitude and behavior of voluntary blood donation in urban areas of Beijing

Objective To investigate the public′s knowledge, attitude and behavior on voluntary blood donation in urban areas of Beijing.Methods During July to October,2018,a survey with self-designed questionnaire was conducted among 995 residents randomly collected at mobile blood collection sites. Results Of these surveyed, only 34.7% of them had the knowledge of voluntary blood donation.The percentage was higher in people who had ever donated blood(60.7%) than that of those who never(13.6%).The voluntary blood donors were predominantly driven by dedicating love and enjoying preferential policies for free use of blood for themselves and their families.The reason why those who had the donation experience would not donate blood again included inconvenient for blood donation and discomfort sense after donation and bad attitude or skill of the doctors. Those who never donated blood were mainly due to fear of infection and disease from donation. The public believed that the media advertising(92%),public lectures(55.8%),and advertises in blood station(51.8%)could cause their concerns. Conclusion The public′s knowledge,attitude and behavior of voluntary blood donation need to be improved.The publicity of voluntary blood donation-related knowledge should be strengthened,and the service level of blood station should be improved to sustain the long-term practice of voluntary blood donation.