基于形性与化学指标关联分析的当归挥发油质量评价和当归产地鉴别

目的 分析当归颜色、气味与挥发油化学指标之间的关联性，为建立基于形性指标评价当归挥发油质量和综合指标鉴定当归产地的方法提供参考。方法 通过测色仪和电子鼻测定当归粉末的颜色与气味，气相色谱法（GC）测定当归挥发油中14个成分的相对含量，利用多元统计方法分析三者之间的相关性。结果 颜色指标L^*，气味指标LY2/LG、P10/1和化学指标C₂（蒎烯）含量之间呈显著正相关，与颜色指标a^*、气味指标LY2/gCTl呈显著负相关；化学指标C₁₁（Z-藁本内酯）含量与气味指标P10/1呈正相关，与颜色指标a^*呈负相关。主成分分析结果表明，云南样品与其他3个产地样品差异显著；青海样品基本可与甘肃、四川样品分离；甘肃和四川样品较为相似，在以颜色和综合指标进行分析时可进行区分。结论 当归颜色、气味与挥发油化学指标之间具有显著相关性，对通过形性指标分析当归挥发油化学指标特点具有一定的参考价值，可为生产流通领域中建立一种简便快捷的当归质量评价方法提供参考。

Quality Evaluation of Angelicae Sinensis Radix Volatile Oils and Identification of Angelicae Sinensis Radix Origin Based on Correlation Analysis of Color and Smelling Odor with Chemical Indexes

Objective This study aims to analyze the correlation of the color and smelling odor of Angelicae Sinensis Radix with the volatile oils, which is expected to lay a foundation for quality evaluation of the Angelicae Sinensis Radix volatile oils based on the color and smelling odor and identification of the origin with comprehensive indicators.Methods The color and smelling odor of Angelicae Sinensis Radix powder were measured with a colorimeter and an E-nose, respectively, and the relative content of 14 constituents in the volatile oils was determined by gas chromatography (GC). The correlation between the three was analyzed with multivariate statistical method.Results The indicators of L^*, LY2/LG, P10/1 and C₂ (pinene) were positively correlated, which were in negative correlation with a^* and LY2/gCT1. C₁₁ (Z-ligustilide) had a positive correlation with P10/1 and a negative correlation with a^*. Principal component analysis (PCA) suggested significant difference between the sample from Yunnan and samples from the other three places and separated the sample of Qinghai from those from Gansu and Sichuan. Samples from Gansu and Sichuan were similar but they can be distinguished based on the color and overall indicators.Conclusion The color and smelling odor of Angelicae Sinensis Radix are in significant correlation with the volatile oils. The result has certain reference value for analyzing the volatile oils based on color and smelling odor and for establishing a simple and rapid quality evaluation method of Angelicae Sinensis Radix in production and circulation.