Obstructive jaundice in children may be due to a malignant tumour of the common bile duct

We report a case of rhabdomyosarcoma of the common bile duct in an 8-year-old child. The diagnosis was suspected from sonography, computed tomography of the abdomen, and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy during attempted endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Excision was not possible due to extensive intrahepatic and local infiltration, and therefore chemotherapy was given after taking a biopsy. Rhabdomyosarcoma of the biliary tree is one of the rarest causes of obstructive jaundice in pediatrics, but should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a jaundiced patient to ensure immediate investigation and treatment whether or not the cause is rare.