联合应用神经生长因子和神经节苷脂1对坐骨神经损伤大鼠脊髓神经元的保护作用

目的：了解联合应用神经生长因子(NGF)和神经节苷脂1(GMl)对大鼠周围神经损伤后脊髓神经元的保护作用。方法：选用SD大鼠，分为生理盐水(NS)组、NGF组、GM1组和NGF GM1组，将大鼠坐骨神经造成5mm缺损，术中硅胶管内局部加药、术后大鼠损伤侧小腿肌注药物。术后定期光、电镜观察L4～I6脊髓前角神经元结构变化，测定损伤远段和近段神经传导速度。结果：脊髓运动神经元数目以及神经传导速度4周时，NGF组和GM1组均多于或快于NS组，NGF GM1组则多于或快于NS组、NGF组和GM1组，8周时NGF GM1组、NGF组、GM1组组间无显著性差异但均多于或快于NS组。结论：NGF GM1对周围神经损伤后脊髓运动神经元退变的保护作用与单用NGF或GM1相比，能更早期地发挥作用，并且效果优于单用NGF或GM1。

Protective effects of NGF and ganglioside 1 on spinal motor neurons in rats with sciatic nerve injury

Objective: To observe the protective effects of NGF and ganglioside (GM)1 on spinal motor neurons in rats with sciatic nerve injury. Methods: Totally 96 SD rats were randomly divided into the normal saline group (NS group), NGF group, GM1 group and NGF + GM1 group. The sciatic nerve was dissected and left a 5 mm defect. Saline, NGF, GM1 and NGF+GM1 were injected into tube immediately and injected into the muscle of injured leg once a day. Nerve conductive velocity (NCV), histological and ultrastructural changes of multi-polar motor neurons of the anterior horn of L_ 4-L_ 6 were observed on the 1st, 4th, 8th week post-injury. Results: Fourth week after operation, the NCV and the number of multi-polar motor neurons of spinal anterior horn were increased significantly in NGF+GM1 group than that in other groups. Till the eighth week, NGF group, GM1 group and NGF + GM1 group showed significant increase of NCV and motor neurons compared with saline group. There were no significant differences among NGF group, GM1 group and NGF + GM1 group. Conclusion: NGF+GM1 can avoid the necrosis of neurons and accelerate regeneration of spinal neurons when sciatic nerves are damaged. Its protective effects on neuron and promotive effects on sciatic nerve regeneration are better than that of NGF or GM1 alone.