未婚女青年流产及接受流产后服务的现况调查

目的:了解未婚女青年流产原因以及避孕知识、行为和在医院接受的流产后服务现况。方法:采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,选取在郑州市8家医院自愿要求流产、年龄≤25岁的女青年进行横断面现场问卷调查,获得合格调查问卷992名,本文仅分析其中的705名未婚妇女数据。结果:调查对象年龄在16.4～25岁之间,62.1%未婚同居,33.3%有流产史。本次流产原因未避孕66.7%,避孕失败33.3%。58.2%曾使用过避孕措施,既往使用的避孕方法构成为:避孕套47.2%、紧急避孕药18.3%、安全期16.0%、体外射精13.8%、口服避孕药4.6%、宫内节育器0.1%。避孕和生殖健康知识得分无1人满分,13个问题中能正确回答7个问题的占44.7%。术后接受宣教内容最多的是流产后注意事项(95.6%),最少的是避孕药具的优缺点(26%)。没有接受过医生提供的咨询服务有83.0%;医生没有提供免费的避孕药具和转诊服务。93.9%的愿意接受流产后宣教服务。结论:未婚女青年流产原因多为未避孕,她们缺乏避孕知识,避孕措施使用率低,现医院提供的流产后服务不能满足育龄妇女的需求。

Status Survey on Abortion and Post-abortion Service among Unmarried Young Women

Objective:To investigate the abortion reasons,contraceptive knowledge and action,and the situation of accepting post-abortion service in hospitals among unmarried young women.Methods:Stratified cluster random sampling study was adopted.Unmarried women(<25 years old)seeking abortion service were interviewed in the selected 8 hospitals,and 992 questionaires were qualified.The data of 705 unmarried women were analyzed in this study.Results:The age of these abortion women ranged from 16.4 to 25 years old.And 62.1% out of them had sex behavior before marriage,and 33.3% had abortion history.The abortion reasons were non-contraception(66.7%)and contraceptive failure(33.3%).58.2% had used contraceptive methods,with the constituent ratios as follows:condom(47.2%),emergency contraceptive(18.3%),safe period(16.0%),external ejaculation(13.8%),oral pills(4.6%),and IUD(0.1%).Only 44.7% gave 7 correct answers to the 13 questions,even no one got full scores about contraceptive and reproductive knowledge.In the instruction and education of post-abortion,95.6% received information of post-abortion attentions,and 26% with the advantages and disadvantages of contraceptive methods.83.0% didn't receive counseling service and doctors didn't provide free contraceptive and transfer treatment,while 93.9% were willing to accept post-abortion instruction and education.Conclusion:The abortions of unmarried young women are mainly caused by non-contraception,lack of contraceptive knowledge and low usage of contraceptives.And the post-abortion service provided by hospitals can't meet reproductive aged women's demands.