血清检测Glypican-3对原发性肝细胞癌诊断及疗效评估的临床意义

目的 探讨血清检测磷酯酰肌醇蛋白聚糖-3(GPC3)对原发性肝细胞癌(PHC)诊断及疗效评估的临床意义.方法 采用双抗夹心ELISA法,对60例PHC,60例转移性肝癌,50例肝硬化,50例慢性病毒性肝炎,20例肝囊肿,20例脂肪肝,20例肝血管瘤,20例药物性肝炎及40例健康人血清中GPC3进行定量检测.同时采用化学发光法检测PHC患者血清中甲胎蛋白水平,并对治疗前后PHC患者血清中GPC3及甲胎蛋白水平进行比较分析.结果 PHC组血清GPC3水平显著高于其他肝病组及健康对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).转移性肝癌、肝硬化及病毒性肝炎组血清GPC3水平显著高于其他良性肝病组和健康对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).PHC组血清GPC3水平与甲胎蛋白水平及肝功能状况无关.GPC3与甲胎蛋白诊断PHC的阳性率分别为65%和56.7%,两者联合检测可将PHC的诊断率提高至85%.在23例治疗有效的PHC患者中,15例患者血清中GPC3水平较治疗前呈现稳定的下降趋势,而仅有10例患者血清中甲胎蛋白呈现与疗效相似的下降趋势.结论 GPC3与甲胎蛋白联合检测有望提高PHC的早期诊断率,同时血清GPC3的不同阈值或可在PHC及其他各类肝脏疾病的鉴别诊断过程中发挥作用.GPC3具有较甲胎蛋白更优的特异性及灵敏度,或可成为判断PHC治疗疗效的一种特异性血清学标志.

Value of detection of serum glypican-3 level in diagnosis and therapeutic effect evaluation of primary hepatocellular carcinoma

Objective To explore the clinical value of detecting serum glypican-3 in the diagnosis and therapeutic effect evaluation of primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC). Methods Using sandwich ELISA, we detected serum glypican-3 levels in 60 patients with PHC, 60 with metastatic liver cancer, 50 with liver cirrhosis, 50 with chronic viral hepatitis, 20 with hepatic cyst, 20 with fatty liver, 20 with hepatic hemangioma and 20 with drug-induced hepatitis as well as in 40 healthy subjects (control). We also analyzed the changes in serum levels of glypican-3 and alpha fetoprotein (AFP) in PHC patients after treatment. Results PHC patients had significantly higher serum levels of glypican-3 than patients with other liver diseases and the control subjects (P<0.05). The levels of serum glypican-3 were significantly higher in patients with metastatic liver cancer, liver cirrhosis and viral hepatitis than in those with other benign liver diseases and the control subjects (P<0.05). Glypican-3 level was not associated with AFP level or liver function in PHC patients, in whom the positivity rates for glypican-3 and AFP were 65%and 56.7%, respectively. The detection rate of PHC increased to 85%by a combined detection of AFP and glypican-3. In the 23 PHC patients who responded positively to treatments, serum glypican-3 level showed a steady decline compared with that in 15 patients before treatment, while serum AFP level showed a similar decrease only in 10 patients. Conclusion Combined detection of glypican-3 and AFP is expected to improve the early diagnosis rate of PHC. The different thresholds of serum glypican-3 may play a role in the differential diagnosis of PHC and other various liver diseases. Glypican-3 may serve as a better marker than AFP with a high specificity and sensitivity for evaluating the therapeutic effect in PHC patients.