妊娠晚期下腰及骨盆痛影响因素分析

目的了解妊娠晚期孕妇下腰及骨盆痛发生率及其影响因素。方法采用问卷调查对1 254例妊娠晚期孕妇进行下腰、骨盆痛及其相关因素调查、分析。1 254例妇女在孕36周常规产前检查时接受问卷调查,包括:年龄,身高,肥胖指数,受教育程度,是否失业,城市或农村人口,有无保姆,孕前有否腰痛,前次妊娠有否腰痛,疼痛部位、程度、性质、加重及缓解方法,孕妇活动能力(日常活动,家务劳动,户外活动)等。结果妊娠晚期孕妇下腰及骨盆痛发生率为48.96%。身高,受教育程度,是否失业及有无保姆与疼痛无明显关系。低龄、高龄孕妇较适龄孕妇更易腰痛。超重孕妇更易腰痛。孕前有腰痛及前次妊娠有腰痛者在本次妊娠中发生腰痛比例增大。城乡孕妇腰痛发生率有较大差异。久站最易加重腰痛,卧位可以明显减轻疼痛。下腰及骨盆痛对妊娠晚期孕妇的活动影响较大。结论妊娠晚期孕妇下腰及骨盆痛发生率高,对于某些影响因素有必要采取相应的有效干预措施以提高孕妇的生活质量。

Risk factors in late pregnancy related low back pain and pelvic pain WANG

Objective To determine the prevalence and risk factors of low back pain and pelvic girdle pain（LBPP） during late pregnancy. Methods A total of 1254 women answered questionnaires regarding back and pelvic girdle pain,habits,and biomedical,sociodemographic and psychosocial factors,at 36 weeks gestation.Possible associations were studied using non-parametric tests. Results The prevalence of LBPP was 48.96% in late pregnancy.LBPP was not significantly correlated with height,educational level and occupation.LBPP was significantly correlated with age,body mass index,history of previous LBPP and LBPP in previous pregnancy.Significant difference was found between the living area（rural vs.urban） but not between assistant for housework（with or without servant）.Prolonged standing and rest were found to be the most significant aggravating and relieving factors.LBPP had huge impact on women＇s functioning and well being during late pregnancy. Conclusion The prevalence of LBPP in pregnant women appears to be high and future research should focus on different preventive strategies and treatment modality during pregnancy.