59例肺结核患者出现肺巨大空洞临床相关因素浅析

目的 探讨影响肺结核患者出现肺巨大空洞的危险因素,为减少肺巨大空洞的发生提供建议.方法 分析59例肺结核患者发生的肺巨大空洞,对患者一般资料、临床表现、胸部X片、CT特征及治疗结果进行统计分析.结果 59例患者病程时间长,复治结核多(占79.7％),呼吸道症状明显,咯血突出(占54.2％),X线胸片对肺巨大空洞诊断有漏诊(占18.6％),胸CT发现空洞率高,形态清晰,该类患者治疗困难,愈后差.结论 出现肺巨大空洞与其基础病多,体质弱,延误治疗,复治结核,MDR-TB和肺部感染有关.

Analysis on clinical correlated factors of 59 cases of tuberculosis with huge pulmonary cavities

Objective By studying the risk factors of tuberculosis with huge pulmonary cavities,some advice is given to reduce the incidence of huge pulmonary cavities.Methods By retrospective analysis on the 59 cases of tuberculosis with huge pulmonary cavities,the patients’general data,clinical manifestations,chest radiography,characteristics of CT and results of the therapy are compiled and analyzed.Results The 59 patients have suffered longer course of disease and always have more retreatments of tuberculosis(79.7%).They show obvious symptoms of the respiratory passage and remarkable symptoms of hemoptysis(52.4%).Diagnosis of huge pulmonary cavities is missed by chest radiography(misdiagnosis rate:18.6%),but CT is the best way to find out the pulmonary cavities with a clear shape.It is difficult to deal with this type of patients,as is their restoration.Conclusion The occurrence of pulmonary cavities is related to delayed treatments,more basic diseases and physical weakness.Chest CT examination is the best way to find out the huge pulmonary cavities.Early detection and early treatment can reduce the occurrence of this kind of disease and do good to the control and recovery of tuberculosis.