Homozygous variants in AMPD2 and COL11A1 lead to a complex phenotype of pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 9 and Stickler syndrome type 2 |
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Authors: | Nicolas J Abreu Daniel C Koboldt Julie M Gastier‐Foster Ashita Dave‐Wala Kevin M Flanigan Megan A Waldrop |
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Institution: | 1. The Center for Gene Therapy, Columbus, Ohio;2. Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio;3. The Institute for Genomic Medicine at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio;4. Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio;5. Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio;6. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9621-8319;7. Megan A. Waldrop, Center for Gene Therapy, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Rm. WA3013, Columbus OH 43205. Email: |
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Abstract: | Pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 9 (PCH9) is an autosomal recessive neurodevelopmental disorder caused by pathogenic variants in the AMPD2 gene. We evaluated the son of a consanguineous couple who presented with profound hypotonia and global developmental delay. Other features included sensorineural hearing loss, asymmetric astigmatism, and high myopia. Clinical whole‐exome sequence analysis identified a homozygous missense variant in AMPD2 (NM_001257360.1:c.2201C > T, p.Pro734Leu]) that has not been previously reported. Given the strong phenotypic overlap with PCH9, including the identification of the typical “Figure 8” appearance of the brainstem on neuroimaging, we suspect this variant was causative of the neurodevelopmental disability in this individual. An additional homozygous nonsense variant in COL11A1 (NM_001854.4:c.1168G > T, p.Glu390Ter]) was identified. Variants in this alternatively spliced region of COL11A1 have been identified to cause an autosomal recessive form of Stickler syndrome type 2 characterized by sensorineural hearing loss and eye abnormalities, but without musculoskeletal abnormalities. The COL11A1 variant likely also contributed to the individual's phenotype, suggesting two potentially relevant genetic findings. This challenging case highlights the importance of detailed phenotypic characterization when interpreting whole exome data. |
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Keywords: |
AMPD2
COL11A1 PCH9 Pontocerebellar hypoplasia Stickler syndrome type 2 |
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