Physical Activity and Risk of Metabolic Phenotypes of Obesity: A Prospective Taiwanese Cohort Study in More Than 200,000 Adults |
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| Authors: | David Martinez-Gomez Francisco B. Ortega Mark Hamer Esther Lopez-Garcia Ellen Struijk Kabir P. Sadarangani Carl J. Lavie Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Physical Education, Sport and Human Movement, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain;2. IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain;3. PROFITH “PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity” research group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Spain;4. Department of Biosciences and Nutrition at NOVUM, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden;5. School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, United Kingdom;6. Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/IdiPaz, CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain;7. School of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad San Sebastián, Lota, Chile;8. Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Salud y Odontología, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile;9. Department of Cardiovascular Disease, John Ochsner Heart & Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School, The University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA |
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| Abstract: | ObjectiveTo examine the association between physical activity (PA) and the risk for metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) or metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) in Asian adults.Patients and MethodsData were obtained from 205,745 healthy individuals 18 years or older. Individuals were classified as inactive, lower or upper insufficiently active, active, and high active. Metabolically unhealthy was defined as having 1 or more of the metabolic syndrome criteria, excluding the abdominal obesity criterion.ResultsThe percentages of metabolically healthy normal-weight (MHNW), metabolically healthy overweight (MHOW), MHO, and MUO in our cohort were 30.8% (63,408 of 205,745), 5.8% (12,002 of 205,745), 4.1% (8329 of 205,745), and 20.7% (42,564 of 205,745), respectively. During a mean follow-up of 6 (range, 0.5-19) years, among 63,408 MHNW participants, 1890 (3.0%) and 1174 (1.9%) developed MUO and MHO, respectively. Among 12,002 MHOW participants, 3404 (28.4%) developed MUO and 2734 (22.8%) developed MHO. A total of 5506 of 8329 (66.1%) participants moved from MHO to MUO, and 5675 of 42,564 (13.3%) moved from MUO to MHO. Compared with being inactive, MHNW individuals who were active or high active showed lower risk for MUO. Among those with MHOW, being high active was associated with reduced risk for MUO and MHO. Although among MHO participants, PA was not associated with incident MUO, being active or high active was linked to a greater likelihood of moving from MUO to MHO.ConclusionPA may prevent the development of both MHO and MUO. PA also helps increase the transition from MUO to MHO, which may contribute to reduce the subsequent development of type 2 diabetes mellitus and major cardiovascular disease complications. |
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| Keywords: | BMI body mass index BP blood pressure CVD cardiovascular disease HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol HR hazard ratio PA physical activity MET metabolic equivalent MHNW metabolically healthy normal weight MHO metabolically healthy obesity MHOW metabolically healthy overweight MUNW metabolically unhealthy normal weight MUO metabolically unhealthy obesity MUOW metabolically unhealthy overweight T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus |
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