人眼眩光发生机制及测量方法的研究进展

人眼眩光一般是指由于从外界进入眼内的迷乱光线抑制了正常光线在视网膜上的成像而形成的不舒适感觉。其在不同的领域及专业中涵义均有所不同。尽管目前眩光测量方法众多，但尚无统一的评价标准。在临床及研究工作中需谨慎甄别不同眩光定义及测量方法对患者视觉质量评估造成的偏倚。由于眩光研究受到其复杂的发生机制和缺乏跨学科交流的影响，目前尚无一种方法能全面有效地防治眩光。本文通过回顾分析眩光在眼科、照明工程、神经学以及其他相关学科的出版物及研究报道，对临床上常见的眩光类型如失能眩光、幻影眩光、不舒适眩光和畏光的发生机制、测量手段和解决方法的研究现状进行综述。

Mechanisms and measurement of glare in human eyes

Glare is typically regarded as a sensation produced by light which enters the eye in such a fashion as to inhibit distinct vision. However, there are discrepant definitions and terminology in different disciplines and specialties. Many clinical glare testers have been developed, but results have been variable and no widely accepted testing protocol exists. In clinical and research fields, caution is needed to identify the bias lead by different glare definition and measurement method in visual quality assessment. Due to its complex, muhidiseiplinary nature, comprehensive and effective countermeasures for glare is absent. In this review, through the integration of publications in ophthalmology, illumination engineering, neurology, and other relevant disciplines, we provide the definition, characteristics, mechanisms, assessments and counter- measures of common type of glare including disability glare, dysphotopsia glare, discomfort glare and photo- phobia.