北京市海淀区居民健康素养水平及影响因素分析

目的了解北京市海淀区居民健康素养水平,为日后开展健康素养调查和健康教育工作、制定健康促进相关政策提供依据。方法采取分层多阶段整群抽样方法抽取北京市海淀区三个街道居民作为研究对象,利用中国居民健康素养调查问卷收集相关信息,采用χ^2检验和趋势检验分析健康素养具备率,采用多因素logistic回归分析影响健康素养水平的因素。结果共纳入调查对象729人,健康素养水平为20.69%,三个街道分别为30.42%(73/240)、13.33%(30/240)和18.33%(44/240),且差异具有统计学意义。多因素logistic回归结果显示学历、家庭年收入是居民健康素养水平的重要影响因素。结论海淀区居民健康素养总体水平有待进一步提高,应根据人群的相应特点,重点针对低学历、低收入人群开展有针对性的干预措施,同时不断深入推进健康素养促进行动,全面提升居民健康素养水平。

Study on the Status and Influencing Factors of Health Literacy among Residents in Haidian District of Beijing

Objective To investigate the level of health literacy among residents in Haidian district and influencing factors of health knowledge and skills,which may provide the basis for the development of health education programs and health policy in the future.Methods A total of 729 respondents were gathered by using stratified multistage cluster sampling method,filling out The National Health Literacy Questionnaire.The health literacy status was tested by Chi-square test and Chi-square trend test,whose interfering factors were further analyzed by single-factor and multi-factor logistic regression.Results The health literacy rate of three streets′residents in Haidian district was 30.42%,13.33%and 18.33%in Zhongguancun,Yangfangdian and Tiancun street respectively,among which the difference has statistical significance.Multi-factor logistic regression analysis showed that the health literacy status was impacted by education and family annual income.Conclusion The health literacy level in Haidian district needs to be further improved by carrying out targeted interventions depending on differences of different crowds,especially for those who has lower educational background and income.At the same time,health literacy promotion action was to be applied in a comprehensive way constantly.