某汽车制造企业职业危害识别及关键控制岗位分析

目的识别、分析汽车生产制造过程中产生的职业病危害因素种类及接触水平,并提出关键控制岗位。方法采用职业卫生现场调查、职业卫生检测等方法收集数据和资料,结合职业病防护设施进行综合分析。结果6个岗位电焊工、2个岗位打磨工接触粉尘浓度超标,粉尘超标率为21.1%;6个岗位冲压工接触噪声强度超标,超标率为50.0%。汽车制造过程职业病危害关键控制岗位为电焊、打磨和冲压。结论生产企业应加强车间通风,焊接、打磨工位优先选用局部通风设施;冲压车间应采取倒班,减少作业人员接触噪声的时间,并为作业人员配备个人防护用品。

Identification of occupational hazards and analysis of key control positions in an automobile manufacturing enterprise

Objective To identify,analyze and evaluate the occupational disease hazard factors and exposure levels in automobile manufacturing process,and the key control positions are proposed.Methods The data were collected by occupational health field investigation,occupational healthtest,etc.and combined with occupational disease prevention facilities for comprehensive analysis.Results 6 positions welder,2 posts grinder contact dust concentration exceeded,dust exceeded the rate of 21.1%;the contact noise intensity of stamping workers in 6 positions exceeded the standard,and the excess rate was 50%.The key control posts for occupational disease hazards in automobile manufacturing were welding,grinding and stamping.Conclusion Production enterprises should strengthen ventilation in the workshop,local ventilation facilities should be selected as a priority for welding and polishing work positions,and stamping workshops should take shifts to reduce the time for operators to contact noise.And personal protective equipment should be prepared for operators.