青年直肠癌的临床特征及预后因素分析

目的：探讨青年直肠癌患者临床、病理特点及预后相关因素，以提高其诊断水平和治疗效果。方法：回顾性对比分析47 例青年直肠癌（≤40岁）与99 例老年直肠癌（≥65岁）患者在临床、病理特征及预后等方面的差异，进而总结青年直肠癌的特点。结果：青年组平均病程为6.98个月，短于老年组(9.16个月)。青年组直肠癌的误诊率达61.70％，明显高于老年组(28.28％)（P<0.05）。青、老年两组肿瘤距肛缘的平均距离分别为6.94和7.01 cm，两组比较差异无显著性。青年组分化差的癌占52.18%，发生淋巴结转移的占52.17％，高于老年组(30.52%和23.16%)（P<0.05）。青年组术前并发症和术后并发症的发生率分别为31.92％和34.04％，显著低于老年组(81.82%和55.56%)（P<0.05）。青、老年两组直肠癌的累计5年生存率分别为45.7%和56.2%，两组比较差异无显著性。结论：青年直肠癌病程短、误诊率高、分化差、易发生淋巴结转移、病理分期晚，但两组的累计5年生存率有相接近的趋势；肿瘤浸润深度和淋巴结转移是影响预后的重要因素，加强早期诊断和科学、规范的治疗有望进一步改善青年直肠癌的预后。

Analysis of clinical characteristics and prognosis of young patients with rectal carcinoma

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of young rectal carcinomain in order to improve the diagnostic level and therapeutic efficacy at the early stage.Methods Clinical data,including clinical manifestations,misdiagnosis,clinical pathology and prognosis which from 47 cases of young rectal carcinoma were analyzed retrospectively and compared with those from 99 cases of old rectal carcinoma.Results The average course of disease was 6.98 months in young patient group,it was shorter than that in ...