北京顺义农村地区中学生心理卫生知识知晓状况调查分析

目的了解北京市顺义农村地区中学生的心理卫生知识、态度及行为的现况，为进一步开展心理健康教育提供参考依据。方法采用分层、随机、整群抽样的方法，抽取北京市顺义区两所中学初、高中的49个班级，2215名学生进行问卷调查。结果此地区中学生心理卫生知识平均得分（6．12±1．54）分；男女生之间差异有统计学意义（t=-2．869，P〈0．05），女生优于男生。需求最强的心理健康服务内容是人际关系（41．55％），获取心理卫生知识的首要途径是媒体（26．68％），心理困扰求助的首要对象是朋友（43．78％）。在心理卫生知识需求、心理咨询的求助对象上男女生之间差异有统计学意义（X^2值分别为29．803和58．039，P〈0．01），在心理咨询的求助态度上差异有统计学意义（X^2=11．880，P〈0．05）；高中生与初中生在心理卫生知识需求、心理咨询求助对象、心理咨询的求助途径差异有统计学意义（X^2值分别为75．006、77．745和26．073，P〈0．01）；在心理咨询方式上差异有统计学意义（X^2=6．472，P〈0．05）。结论北京农村地区中学生心理卫生知识知晓程度不高，知晓水平有待提高。

Investigation of awareness rate on mental health knowledge among middle school students in rural areas of Shunyi District,Beijing

Objective To understand current status of mental health knowledge, attitudes and behaviors among middle school students in rural areas of Shunyi District, Beijing, and provide evidence for further development on mental health education. Methods Using stratified cluster random sampling method, 49 classes were selected and 2215 students of two middle schools were investigated with a questionnaire in Shunyi District, Beijing. Results In this area, average score of mental health knowledge among middle school students was （6. 12 ± 1.54）. There was statistically significant differ-ence between male and female （ t = - 2. 869, P 〈 0. 05）, and the female＇ s sore was higher than the male＇ s. The grea-test need of mental health service was interpersonal relationship （41.55%）. The main approach to get mental health knowl-edge was the media （26. 68% ）. If students had mental problem, their friend was the most important object for seeking help （43.78%）. There was statistically significant difference between male and female on needs of mental health knowledge and psychological counseling recourse （ X^2 = 29. 803, X^2 = 58. 039, P 〈 0. 01 ）. And there was significant difference in the atti- tude of psychological counseling （X^2 = 11. 880, P 〈 0. 05 ）. There was statistically significant difference between senior and junior middle school students in knowledge needs, psychological counseling recourse and the approaches of psychological counseling （ X^2 = 75. 006, X^2 = 77. 745, X^2 = 26. 073, P 〈 0. 01 ）. And there was statistically significant difference in the way of psychological counseling （ X^2 = 6. 472, P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion The level of mental health knowledge was not high among middle school students in Beijing rural areas, and it needs to be improved.