成-渝线部分铁路建筑工人有关艾滋病的健康教育效果评价

目的：评价健康教育对铁路建筑工人在改变艾滋病知识、态度和行为方面的效果。方法：整群抽取成都铁路局某3个工地的铁路建筑工人,在基线调查的基础上对研究对象进行为期半年多的健康教育宣传和同伴教育等综合干预,采取相同的调查内容和方法进行干预后调查。结果：对比干预前430名和干预后随访到的380名铁路建筑工人有关艾滋病、生殖健康的知识、态度和行为,干预后调查对象对艾滋病、生殖健康知识知晓率较干预前普遍提高（P〈0.01）,最近3个月内有过非婚性行为者的比例由23.4%下降到4.2%（P〈0.01）,最近一次非婚性行为使用安全套者由43.3%提高到72.9%（P〈0.01）,但在最近3个月内非婚性行为安全套坚持使用频率干预前后未见显著差异。结论：健康教育对铁路建筑工人在预防和控制艾滋病方面是有效的措施,但要长期改变农民工与艾滋病有关的高危性行为应建立长效的行为干预机制。

Effect of health education on AIDS among construction workers building railway of Cheng-Yu

Objective： To evaluate the effect of health education on knowledge,attitude and practice about AIDS among the railway construction workers. Methods： The construction workers were selected by cluster sampling from three railway construction sites of Chengdu Railway Bureau. With baseline survey,behavioral intervention such as health education and peer education on AIDS were carried out among the object of study for half a year. Surveys were conducted in the same way before and after the intervention. Results： In comparison of 430 pre-intervention with 380 post-intervention workers,the results showed that the rate of knowledge awareness before and after intervention was 65. 4%,80. 7% respectively,which increased significantly. After the intervention,the rate of admitting having non-marital sexual behavior in last three months decreased from 23. 4% to 4. 2%（ P〈0. 01）; the rate of latest condom use for non-marital sexual behavior raised from 43. 3% to 72. 9%（ P〈0. 05）. There was no statistical significance in the condom use for last three months before and after the intervention. Conclusion： The health education and behavioral intervention for the construction workers was an effective measure in AIDS control and prevention. However,a long-term mechanism of behavior intervention should be established to change the workers＇ high risk sexual behaviors on AIDS.