肝移植术后肺部并发症分析

目的 评估原位肝移植患者术前肺功能情况及其在预测肝移植术后肺部并发症(postoperative pulmonary complications,PPC)中的作用.方法 2008年8月至2009年6月天津市第一中心医院完成71例原位肝移植手术,分析患者术前肺功能状况及其与术后肺部并发症的关系.结果 71例患者中肝移植术前肺功能异常者65例,肺弥散功能减低65例(91.5%),限制性通气功能减低30例(42.2%),小气道功能减低28例(39.4%),阻塞性通气功能减低21例(29.6%).移植术后肺部并发症的发生率为56.3%,肺部并发症包括:肺不张,肺炎,急性呼吸衰竭.限制性和阻塞性通气功能减低组肺部并发症的发生率与正常组相比差异有统计学意义(x2=6.703,P=0.010;x2=4.768,P=0.029),中、重度的弥散功能减低组肺部并发症的发生率与轻度和正常组相比差异有统计学意义(x2=8.478,P=0.004).结论 肝移植患者术前肺功能异常是常见的,通气功能减低(VCmax＜80%或FEV1.0＜80%)及中、重度肺弥散功能减低(TLCOSB＜60%)可作为预测术后肺部发生并发症的一个指标.

Abstract：

Objective To probe the correlation between preoperative pulmonary dysfunction and postoperative pulmonary complications in patients of orthotopic liver transplantation. Methods From August 2008 to June 2009, 71 orthotopic liver transplantation patients were studied. Preoperative pulmonary function and its relationship with postoperative pulmonary complications were analyzed.Results Preoperatively 65 out of 71 patients had abnormal lung functions, suffering from pulmonary diffusing capacity reduction (65 cases, 91.5% ), followed by reduction of restrictive ventilation function (30 cases, 42. 2% ), small airway function reduction ( 28 cases, 39.4% ), and obstructive ventilatory function reduction (21 cases, 29. 6% ). The incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications was 56. 3% including: pulmonary atelectasis, pneumonia, acute respiratory failure. The incidence of posttransplantation pulmonary complications in patients with pulmonary restrictive or obstructive ventilation function reduction was higher than in normal group (x2 = 6.703, P= 0.010; x2 = 4.768, P = 0.029), and there was significant difference in pulmonary complication rate between groups of moderate and severe diffusing capacity reduction and mild reduction and normal range (x2 = 8.478, P = 0.004 ).Conclusions Preoperative pulmonary function abnormality in patients before liver transplantation such as pulmonary ventilatory function reduction (VCmax ＜ 80% or FEV1.0 ＜ 80% ) and moderate to severe pulmonary diffusing capacity reduction (TLCOSB ＜ 60% ) predicts higher incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications.

Postoperative pulmonary complications in patients of liver transplantation

Objective To probe the correlation between preoperative pulmonary dysfunction and postoperative pulmonary complications in patients of orthotopic liver transplantation. Methods From August 2008 to June 2009, 71 orthotopic liver transplantation patients were studied. Preoperative pulmonary function and its relationship with postoperative pulmonary complications were analyzed.Results Preoperatively 65 out of 71 patients had abnormal lung functions, suffering from pulmonary diffusing capacity reduction (65 cases, 91.5% ), followed by reduction of restrictive ventilation function (30 cases, 42. 2% ), small airway function reduction ( 28 cases, 39.4% ), and obstructive ventilatory function reduction (21 cases, 29. 6% ). The incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications was 56. 3% including: pulmonary atelectasis, pneumonia, acute respiratory failure. The incidence of posttransplantation pulmonary complications in patients with pulmonary restrictive or obstructive ventilation function reduction was higher than in normal group (x2 = 6.703, P= 0.010; x2 = 4.768, P = 0.029), and there was significant difference in pulmonary complication rate between groups of moderate and severe diffusing capacity reduction and mild reduction and normal range (x2 = 8.478, P = 0.004 ).Conclusions Preoperative pulmonary function abnormality in patients before liver transplantation such as pulmonary ventilatory function reduction (VCmax ＜ 80% or FEV1.0 ＜ 80% ) and moderate to severe pulmonary diffusing capacity reduction (TLCOSB ＜ 60% ) predicts higher incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications.