口腔正畸初诊患者乙型／丙型肝炎病毒感染情况调查

目的了解口腔正畸科门诊初诊患者中乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）和丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）的感染情况，为加强医务人员职业防护、控制医院感染提供依据。方法正畸科2004年7月-2007年6月期间初次就诊患者8547例，进行HBV和HCV相关感染指标检测，了解正畸初诊患者乙肝及丙肝感染情况。结果正畸初诊患者HBV感染率11．47‰，HCV感染率2．92‰，合计感染率为14．39‰；≤11岁年龄组患者感染率为3．56‰，12—17岁年龄组为10．84‰，≥18岁年龄组为23．62‰，3个年龄段患者感染率差异有统计学意义；男性感染率17．79‰，高于女性感染率12．52‰，但差异无统计学意义；不同年份就诊患者的感染率无明显差异。结论正畸患者中存在一定比例的HBV、HCV感染者，年龄较大者感染率较低，这就要求医护人员加强职业防护，杜绝或减少工作中的医源性感染。

HBV and HCV Infections among Patients Undergoing Oral Plastics for the First Visit

Objective To investigate the station of HBV and HCV infections among patients undergoing oral plastics for the first visit so as to provide a basis for occupational prevention of medical workers and control of nosocomial infection. Methods 8 547 patients undergoing oral plastics for the first visit during July 2004 and June 2007 received examinations and tests related to HBV and HCV infections. Results The HBV infection rate was 11.47‰, HCV infection rate was 2.92‰, total infection rate was 14.39‰. For those aged less than 11 years, 12-17 years and more than 18 years, it was 3.56%, 10.84% and 23.62%, with significant differences. The male patients had higher rate than the female did, but with no difference. There were no significant differences for those taking first visit in different years. Conclusion There exists a rate of HBV and HCV infection among patients undergoing oral plastics for the first visit. The infection rate is inversely proportional to age, which indicates that the medical workers should intensify occupational prevention and reduce nosocomial infection.