改良输尿管剥脱在移植肾同侧原肾肾盂癌手术中的应用

目的 评价改良输尿管剥脱术在处理移植肾同侧发生的原肾肾盂肿瘤中的临床价值.方法肾移植术后发生移植肾同侧原肾肾盂肿瘤患者7例.男2例,女5例.年龄36～57岁,平均54岁.行后腹腔镜下原肾切除,用5 F输尿管导管作为输尿管剥脱器,将输尿管肌层固定于输尿管导管末端,于尿道外口持续缓慢外牵输尿管导管至尿道口外,再次置入膀胱电切镜,于管口处将输尿管与膀胱连接的黏膜切断,切除输尿管及其膀胱壁内段,移除输尿管.观察患者手术前后移植肾功能指标、手术时间、出血量及手术相关并发症.结果 7例均成功完成输尿管剥脱术.手术时间105～160 min,平均126 min;出血量80～160 ml,平均124 ml.术后行膀胱灌注化疗.7例均未出现术中输尿管断裂、输尿管牵出困难等并发症.术前及术后6个月肌酐平均值分别为136.5、138.6μmol/L,尿素氮7.42、7.80 mmol/L,手术前后比较差异无统计学意义.1例合并膀胱肿瘤者术后3个月肿瘤复发,再次手术治疗.余6例随访6个月未见肿瘤复发.结论 肾移植术后并发同侧原肾肾盂肿瘤的患者采用输尿管剥脱处理输尿管创伤小、操作简便.

A reformed ureteral stripping technique and its application in the treatment of post renal transplant patients with renal pelvic tumor of the graft homonymy primitive kidney

Objective To evaluate the clinical outcomes of a reformed endoscope assisted ureteral stripping technique in post renal transplant patients with renal pelvic tumor of the graft homonymy primitive kidney.Methods Seven post renal transplant patients with renal pelvic tumor of the graft homonymy primitive kidneys(2 males and 5 females)with average age of 54 years old were recruited.Standard retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomies were performed for all patients after placement of a 5 F ureteral stent as the ureteral stripper. After the closure of the ureter at the lower kidney pole level with metal clips, the distal ureter was separated and the ureteral muscle layer and serous membrane layer were split. The ureter muscle layer was then tied tightly to the ureteral stent tip. The ureter and the stent were pulled out through urethra. Transurethral resection around the everted ureteral orifice was performed and the ureter was removed afterwards. The graft function, operation time,complication and estimated blood loss were recorded.Results All the 7 patients successfully underwent the operations and no major complication such as ureteral disruption, stripping embarrassment and converting to open operation happened. The mean operation time was 126 min (ranging from 105 to 160 min) and the mean blood loss was 124 ml (ranging from 80 to 160 ml). Introvesical chemotherapy with farmorubine hydrochloride was performed 3 weeks after surgery. The mean preoperation and 6 months post-operation creatinine and urea nitrogen levels were 136.5μmol/L, 138. 6μmol/L and 7.42 mmol/L, 7.80 mmol/L respectively and there was no statistical difference. There was no tumor recurrence during 6 month follow-up except one case having simultaneous bladder cancer had bladder cancer relapse 3 months after operation and required another TURBt.Conclusion The reformed endoscope assisted ureteral stripping technique is minimally invasive and convenient in the treatment of post renal transplant patients with renal pelvic tumor of the graft homonymy primitive kidney.