口腔颌面部损伤急救69例分析

目的结合临床实践经验,探讨口腔颌面部损伤急救方法与护理注意事项。方法采用回顾性分析法,对东莞东华医院急诊科2008年1月至2009年12月期收治的69例颌面部损伤患者为研究对象,对其临床资料进行总结分析。结果 24例患者为闭合性损伤,45例为开放性损伤。就诊时,患者表现为面部肿胀或塌陷,咬关系紊乱,可见口内或鼻腔内出血,情绪烦躁不安。对患者实施紧急抢救,软组织损伤的早期清创缝合以及颌骨骨折的固定的治疗,护理措施为"保持患者半坐卧位,细心进行口腔护理,开展心理护理,疏导患者不良情绪,注意患者饮食,指导患者锻炼并在出院前给予健康指导"。本研究中,69例患者经抢救治疗治愈67例,治愈率为97.10%。死亡2例,为颌面部损伤合并严重的颅脑损伤患者。结论东莞东华医院对口腔颌面部患者实施了正确的紧急处理和进行切实有效的护理,疗效显著,治愈率达97.10%,东莞东华医院经验可供广大医务工作者参考,值得推广应用。

Analysis of 69 Cases First Aid in Oromaxillo-facial Region Injuries

Objective Clinical practice experience of oral and maxillofacial injury first aid and nursing notes. Methods Retrospective analysis of hospital emergency department from January 2008 to December 2009 in Donghua Hospital, admitted of 69 cases of maxillofacial injury patients studied, the clinical data were analyzed. Results 24 patients was blunt trauma, 45 cases were open injury. The patient showed facial swelling or collapse, malocclusion, visible in the mouth or nose bleeding, emotional irritability. The emergency rescue of patients, soft tissue injury and early debridement of the fixed jaw fracture treatment, care measures to maintain patient half sitting and lying position, careful to oral care and conduct psychological care, ease the negative emotions of patients, attention to diet in patients guidance prior to discharge patients to exercise and health advice. In this study, 69 patients were cured by salvage treatment of 67 cases; the cure rate was 97.10 percent. 2 patients died, for maxillofacial injury combined with severe traumatic brain injury. Conclusion Donghua Hospital for patients with oral and maxillofacial region the right to conduct effective emergency treatment and care, a significant effect, the cure rate was 97.10%, Donghua Hospital for general medical practitioners refer to the experience, should be widely applied.