开放性跟骨骨折的早期规范化治疗

目的 探讨开放性跟骨骨折的早期规范化治疗,以期降低骨髓炎、下肢截肢的发生率.方法 2005年10月-2006年10月收治开放性跟骨骨折16例17处,其男12例13处,女4例4处;平均年龄31岁.应用规范化治疗:伤后急诊手术清创,大量等渗盐水、过氧化氢、碘伏冲洗.根据全身情况及骨折类型分别进行Ⅰ期手法整复石膏托外固定和Ⅰ期多克氏针经皮固定.待软组织消肿后,经外侧切口行切开复位内固定.术后平均随访6个月,采用美国足踝外科协会(AOFAS)踝-后足功能评分评估并发症发生率.结果 本组患者未截肢;伤口浅表感染、深部感染及骨髓炎各1例;伤口延迟愈合及足底皮肤坏死各1例.结论 早期规范化治疗能够显著降低伤口感染率,从而预防骨髓炎的发生,并为Ⅱ期手术处理骨折提供良好的软组织条件.

Early and standard treatment of open calcaneal fractures

Objective To discuss early and standard treatment of open calcaneal fractures so as to lower incidence of amputation and osteomyelitis. Methods From October 2005 to October 2006,16 cases of 17 open calcaneal fractures were treated in our department.There were 12 males(13 fractures)and 4 females at a mean age of 31 years.All cases were treated with the sanle early treatment protocol,including emergent debridement,and lavaging with normal saline,H2O2 and iodide solutions.All cases were immobilized with plaster or multiple K-wires according to systemic condition and fracture type.With detumescence of the soft tissues.open reduction and internal fixation was done via lateral incision.The patients were followed up for mean six months and the incidence rate of complications evaluated bv American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society(AOFAS)scale. Resuits No amputation was found.but there was one case with osteomyelitis.one with superficial infection and one with deep infection.Delayed skin union was found in one case and plantar skin necrosis in one. Conclusion Early and standard treatment of open calcaneal fractures can minimize the infection,prevent osteomyelitis and provide sound soft tissue for secondary surgical management.