心理护理对肺尘埃沉着症患者心理状态的影响

目的观察心理护理对肺尘埃沉着症患者心理状态的影响。方法选取160例肺尘埃沉着症患者，随机分为8组，每组20例，观察心理护理前和心理护理后15，30，60d的心理特征，并比较青年、中年和老年组心理护理60d后肺尘埃沉着症患者存在4种或以上心理特征病例数；另选取320例同类患者，随机分为两方面心理护理组和全方面心理护理组各160例，记录2组心理护理前和心理护理60d后的心理特征。统计明显存在4种或以上心理特征的患者数。结果心理护理15d后明显存在4种或者以上肺尘埃沉着症患者心理特征病例数有所减少；心理护理30，60d后病例数进一步减少，与15d后比较差异显著；且60d较30d减少更显著。两方面心理护理组和多方面心理护理组在进行60d心理护理后，病例数明显减少，差异显著；多方面心理护理组减少更显著。经60d心理护理后，青年组病例数减少最显著，与中年组、老年组相比差异显著；而中年组、老年组间比较无显著差异。结论对肺尘埃沉着症患者的心理护理过程是一个长期的、循序渐进的过程，而且全面的心理护理对改善肺尘埃沉着症患者心理状态有极大影响；心理护理对于不同年龄层次患者的影响存在较大差异。

Effects of mental nursing on psychological state of patients with pneumoconiosis

Objective To investigate effects of mental nursing on psychological state of patients with pneumoconiosis. Methods 160 pneumoconiosis patients were divided into 8 groups randomly,and 20 patients were included in each group. Psychological characteristics were observed before mental nursing, and 15, 30 and 60 days after mental nursing. The numbers of the youth, the middle-aged and the elderly patients who demonsrated four or more kinds of psychological characteristics after 60 days mental nursing were compared.320 patients of the same kind were divided into the two aspects of mental nursing group and all aspects of mental nursing group, the number of patients who appeared four or more kinds of psychological characteristics after 60 days mental nursing was recorded. Results The number of pneumoconiosis patients who clearly appeared four or more kinds of psychological characteristics decreased after 15 days, but it had no statistical significance, the number decreased significantly after 30 days and 60 days of mental nursing,and the latter decreased more significantly.Both of the numbers of two aspects of mental nursing group and all aspects of mental nursing group decreased significantly, and the latter decreased more significantly.The number of the youth decreased most significantly, while it had no statistical significance between the middle-aged and the elderly group. Conclusions Mental nursing for the pneumoconiosis patients is a long-term project, comprehensive mental nursing to pneumoconiosis patients has great influence, but the influence varies for patients with different ages.