经皮脉冲刺激脊神经根后支预防压疮形成的临床研究

目的探讨应用盘状表面电极经皮脉冲刺激脊神经根后支，对预防压疮形成的临床作用、效果和机制。方法将81例患者按入院日期奇偶数分为对照组41例和观察组40例。对照组按照基础护理学压疮预防标准进行护理。观察组在常规护理基础上，同时加用盘状表面电极经皮脉冲刺激脊神经根后支进行压疮预防。比较2组的压疮发生率，并进行X2检验。结果观察组发生I度、Ⅱ度压疮各1例，发生率为4．88％；对照组共发生压疮9例，其中I度压疮5例，Ⅱ度压疮4例，发生率为22．50％，观察组压疮发生率显著低于对照组。结论使用常规压疮防治护理方法配合经皮脉冲刺激脊神经根后支用于压疮的预防，较单一使用常规压疮防治护理方法能更有效降低危险人群压疮的发生率，该项操作技术简便、无痛、无创，是早期预防压疮，进行护理干预的新的有效方法。

Clinical application research in prevention of pressure sore formation with stimulation of the dorsal ramus of spinal nerve root by transcutaneous pulse

Objective To study the function, effect and mechanism of prevention of pressure sore formation with stimulation of the dorsal ramus of spinal nerve root by transcutaneous pulse using plateshape surface electrode. Methods According to the odd number and even number of admission date, 81 patients were divided into the control group （41 cases） and the observation group （40 cases）. The control group received standard pressure sore prevention nursing according to Basic Nursing, the observation group received stimulation of the dorsal ramus of spinal nerve root by transcutaneous pulse using plate- shape surface electrode based upon routine nursing. Results 1 case caught grade I pressure sore,1 case with grade Ⅱ pressure sore, and the incidence rate was 4.88% in the observation group, while in the control group, 5 cases caught grade I pressure sore,4 cases with grade Ⅱ pressure sore, and the incidence rate was 22.50%. Conclusions Combination of routine prevention method with stimulation of the dorsal ramus of spinal nerve root by transcutaneous pulse to prevent pressure sore formation can reduce the incidence rate of pressure sore in high risk population. This technique is easy, painless, noninvasive, and is a novel method for early prevention of pressure sore.