普外科护士工作压力及其影响因素研究

目的探讨普外科护士工作压力及其影响因素。方法整群随机抽取8所医院105名普外科护士，采用护理工作压力源问卷、人格问卷、应对方式问卷以及一般情况问卷，对护士的工作压力及影响因素进行调查，并对结果进行分析。结果护士主要工作压力来源于工作量及时间分配方面，其次为护理专业及工作方面。工作时间超过10年、大专及以上文化程度、倒班、神经质、掩饰性、淡化回避、发泄是普外科护士产生工作压力的危险因素。年龄≥40岁、护士和副主任、外向性、计划解决问题、寻求社会支持、理智应对是普外科护士产生工作压力的保护因素。结论普外科护士压力总体处于中等水平。预防工作压力，应培养护士良好的人格，积极的应对方式，同时应结合其人口学特征。

Research in work pressure and its influencing factors in general surgical nurses

Objective To approach work pressure and its influencing factors in general surgical nurses. Methods 105 general surgical nurses were selected from 8 hospitals with stratification clustering randomization methods. The job stressor inventory, personality scale, coping styles questionnaire and general state of health questionnaire were used to carry out investigation and the results underwent analysis. Results The main stressors came from the factor of workload and time allocation, then from nursing specialty and job. Working time more than 10 years, undergraduate degree or above, work shift, neuroticism, wrapping, avoidance, letting off were risk factors of work pressure in general surgical nurses. Age more than 40 years old, nurse and associate director, exotrophy, planning to solve the questions, seeking social support, rational coping were protective factors of work pressure for nurses. Conclusions The overall pressure level of general surgical nurses was moderate. We should cultivate favourable personality of nurses and positive coping styles in combination with their demography characters to prevent work pressure.