5 100例体外循环心脏手术后急性肾损伤的围手术期危险因素分析

目的:探讨体外循环心脏手术后急性肾损伤(acute kidney injury, AKI)的发生率及其围手术期危险因素。方法:回顾性分析2003年1月至2007年12月在中南大学湘雅二医院接受体外循环心脏手术的5 100例患者的临床资料,统计术后AKI的发生率,并分析其围手术期危险因素。结果:5 100例患者中有340例发生AKI,总发生率为6.7%。年龄、术前血肌酐水平、术前射血分数、术前&bgr;2微球蛋白蛩崴?术中心肺转流时间、大动脉阻断时间及甘露醇使用量为术后AKI发生的相关危险因素,而术前肌酐水平、左室射血分数蛩崴健I?bgr;2微球蛋白、术中心肺转流时间、术中大动脉阻断时间为术后AKI发生的独立危险因素。结论:体外循环心脏手术患者术后AKI的发生与多种围手术期危险因素密切相关,提示对于体外循环心脏手术患者应进行更全面的评估与监测,从而预防AKI的发生。

Risk factors for acute kidney injury following 5 100 cardiac surgeries with extracorporeal circulation

ObjectiveTo determine the incidence and risk factors associated with acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients after cardiac surgery with extracorporeal circulation.MethodsA retrospective case control study was done in patients who underwent cardiac surgery from 2003 to 2007 in Second Xiangya Hospital, with 340 patients in an AKI group and the other 4 760 patients without AKI as a control group. All variables were analyzed by univariate analysis, Mann-Whitney U test and logistic regression.ResultsAKI occurred in the 340 patients (6.7% incidence). Univariate analysis revealed that age, preoperative serum creatinine, preoperative ejection fraction (EF), preoperative &bgr;2-microglobulin, preoperative blood albumin, preoperative blood uric acid, intraoperative cardiopulmonary bypass time, intraoperative aortic cross-clamp time, and dosage of mannitol were significantly related to AKI following cardiac surgery with extracorporeal circulation. Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that preoperative serum creatinine (P<0.001), preoperative ejection fraction (EF) (P<0.001), preoperative &bgr;2-microglobulin (P=0.002), preoperative blood uric acid (P=0.015), intraoperative cardiopulmonary bypass time (P<0.001), and intraoperative aortic cross-clamp time (P<0.001) were independent risk factors for AKI.ConclusionThe incidence of AKI after cardiac surgery with extracorporeal circulation is closely related with a variety of perioperative risk factors. Our data suggest that patients planning to accept cardiac surgery with extracorporeal circulation should be more comprehensively assessed and monitored, thereby preventing the occurrence of AKI.