Reproducibly emitting reference materials for volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds—using finite element modeling for emission predictions |
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Authors: | Birte Mull Tilman Sauerwald Caroline Schultealbert Wolfgang Horn Doris Brödner Matthias Richter |
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Institution: | 1.Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM),Berlin,Germany;2.Fraunhofer Wilhelm-Klauditz-Institut,Braunschweig,Germany;3.Lab for Measurement Technology (LMT),Universit?t des Saarlandes,Saarbrücken,Germany |
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Abstract: | Recent research into emissions of (semi-)volatile organic compounds (S)VOC] from solid materials has focused on the development of suitable reference materials for quality assurance/quality control of emission test chamber measurements, which fulfill requirements such as homogenous and reproducible (S)VOC release. The approach of this study was to find a method for preparation of a material with predictable (S)VOC emission rates. A VOC (styrene) and an SVOC (2,6-diisopropylnaphthalene, DIPN), loaded into either vacuum grease or a 1:1 mixture of paraffin/squalane, have been tested. For the prediction of the emission rates, a model using the finite element method (FEM) was created to simulate the (S)VOC emission profiles. Theoretical and experimental results obtained in a Micro-Chamber/Thermal Extractor (μ-CTE?) and in 24 L emission test chamber measurements were in good agreement. Further properties were investigated concerning the material applicability, such as shelf life and inter-laboratory comparability. The maximum relative standard deviation in the inter-laboratory study was found to be 20%. |
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