安徽省庐江县农村农药中毒的流行病学特征及规律

目的了解农村农药中毒的发生情况，为农村农药中毒防治工作提供科学依据。方法对安徽省庐江县农村2005—2007年3年间农药中毒发生的原因、规律和分布特点进行分析。结果存报告的农药中毒病例中，生产性中毒占53．7％，非生产性中毒占46．21％。中毒死亡率为10．61％，男性多于女性，性别比为1．53：1；40岁-和50岁～年龄组中毒率最高，占31．82％；以有机磷农药中毒为主，其中1605中毒人数占39．39％。有75％的病例和50％的死亡病例都发生在7、8、9月，中毒病例地区分布中以圩区最多，占62．88％。结论在庐江农村，加强农约中毒的防治工作重点应是40～50岁的人群，生产性中毒防治重点人群是男性，非生产性中毒人群是女性；重点季节放在第3季度，重点地区是圩区。要加强农药安全性管理，做好施药安全规程和个人防护，采取综合性社会预防措施足预防农药巾毒的关键所在。

Epidemiological Characteristics and Rules of Pesticide Poisoning in Rural Areas of Lujiang County of Anhui Province

[ Objective] To understand the incidence of pesticide poisoning in rural area, and provide scientific evidence for control it. [ Methods ] The causes, laws, and geographic distribution of pesticide poisoning in rural area of Lujiang County from 2005--2007 were analyzed. [ Results] Of all reported cases j 53.7% were productive poisoningv 46.21% were non-productive poisoning. Mortali- ty for poisoning was 10.61% , male cases were more than female cases, sex ratio was 1.53 %; 40 -49 years and 50 -59 years age group had the highest poisoning rate （31.82%） ; organophosphorus pesticides caused most poisoning cases （ 1605 people, occupying 39.39% of total number of poisoning）. 75% cases and 50% death cases appeared in July, August and September. The main distri- bution of poisoning was in polder （ 62.88% ）. [ Conclusion] In rural area of Lujiang, the high-risk group of pesticide poisoning is young adults, the high-risk group of productive poisoning is male group, and that of non-productive poisoning is female group; the most dangerous season is the third quarter of the year, the most alffected area is polder. The key measures for pesticide poisoning control are strengthening the pesticide safety management, safe handling and personal protection, adopting integrated social prevention measures.