大学生手机使用行为与抑郁症状双向关联的随访研究

目的 描述大学生手机使用行为和抑郁症状的流行现状及双向关联，为促进大学生健康行为养成提供循证依据。方法 于2019年4—5月选取安徽省合肥市和江西省上饶市2所高校的1 135名学生进行基线问卷调查，每6个月随访1次，于2021年4—5月进行最后一次问卷随访，匹配后获得有效人数999人。运用自评问卷调查大学生手机使用时长和手机功能使用情况，运用青少年手机使用依赖自评问卷和患者健康问卷-9项(PHQ-9)评估大学生手机依赖情况和抑郁症状。采用Pearson相关分析检验基线和2年后手机使用行为和抑郁之间的相关性；采用线性回归模型分析手机使用行为与抑郁症状评分之间的线性关联；采用自回归交叉滞后模型分析大学生手机使用行为和抑郁症状之间的双向关联。结果 基线调查中大学生手机依赖和抑郁症状的检出率分别为24.3%和42.4%。基线和2年后随访中大学生平均手机使用时长分别为[(2.84±0.90)(2.02±1.05)h/d];手机依赖平均得分分别为[(23.30±9.00)(23.29±10.45)分];手机功能使用平均得分分别为[(30.12±6.66)(29.12±7.27)分];抑郁症状平均得...

Bidirectional associations between cellular phone use behaviors and depressive symptoms in college students: a follow-up study

  Objective  The study aimed to describe the prevalence of mobile phone use and depressive symptoms and to examine the bidirectional associations between the two among college students, providinb evidence for mental health promotion among college students.  Methods  A longitudinal study with follow-up at 6-month intervals was conducted in 1 135 students from 2 universities in Hefei, Anhui Province and Shangrao, Jiangxi Province who were selected between April and May 2019. The last follow-up was conducted between April and May 2021 based on questionnaire survey, and 999 valid participants were obtained after matching. The self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the duration of cellular phone use and use of cellular phone functions among college students. The Self-rating Questionnaire for Adolescent Problematic Mobile Phone Use (SQAPMPU) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) were used to assess cellular phone dependence and depressive symptoms among college students. Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the correlation between cellular phone use behavior and depressive symptoms at baseline and 2 years later; linear regression model was used to analyze the linear association between cellular phone use behavior and depressive symptoms scores; autoregressive cross-lagged model was used to analyze the bidirectional associations between cellular phone use behaviors and depressive symptoms among college students over time.  Results  The prevalence of mobile phone dependence and depressive symptoms among college students at baseline were 24.3% and 42.4%, respectively. The mean duration of mobile phone use among college students at baseline and the 2-year follow-up were (2.84±0.90)h/d and (2.02±1.05)h/d, respectively; the mean scores of mobile phone dependence were (23.30±9.00) and (23.29±10.45), respectively; the mean scores of mobile phone function use were (30.12±6.66) and (29.12±7.27), respectively; and the mean scores of depressive symptoms were (4.51±4.76) and (2.61±4.40), respectively. Pearson correlation analysis showed there were significant positive correlations between duration of cellular phone use, cellular phone dependence, use of cellular phone functions at baseline or 2 years later and depressive symptoms 2 years later(r=0.08-0.50, P < 0.05). Linear regression models showed a significant positive association between cellular phone dependence at baseline and depressive symptoms (β=0.26, 95%CI=0.23-0.29) at baseline and 2 years later (β=0.12, 95%CI=0.09-0.15). Autoregressive cross-lagged models showed that cellular phone dependence at baseline positively predicted depressive symptoms 2 years later (β=0.04) and depressive symptoms at baseline positively predicted cellular phone dependence 2 years later(β=0.23)(P < 0.05).  Conclusion  There was a bidirectional association between cellular phone dependence and depressive symptoms among college students. Reducing cellular phone dependence is of positive significance for improving college students' mental health.