脊神经丛MR成像的研究进展

脊神经丛各组成支神经细小,周围结构复杂,脊神经丛的MR成像一直是研究的重点和难点。常用于脊神经丛成像的MRI技术包括多种重T₂WI抑脂序列、扩散张量成像(DTI)、扩散峰度成像(DKI)、计量T₂值的T₂-mapping和三维神经鞘信号增高并背景抑制弛豫增强的快速采集定量成像(3D SHINKEI-Quant)、磁化转移率(MTR)成像等。此外,对比剂成像、显微神经成像等技术还有待进一步发展。对上述MRI技术在脊神经丛中的臂丛及腰骶丛中的应用作一综述。

Advances in MR imaging of the spinal plexus nerves

Utilizing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to investigate the spinal plexus nerves has always been the focus and difficulty because of its tiny branches and complex surrounding structures. The main MRI methods available for the spinal plexus nerves include varied heavily T₂WI with fat-suppressed sequences, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI), T₂-mapping or 3D nerve-sheath signal increased with inked rest-tissue rapid acquisition of relaxation imaging (3D SHINKEI-Quant) for T₂ measurement, and magnetization transfer rate (MTR) imaging. Meanwhile, techniques such as contrast imaging and microneurography have yet to be further developed. Herein, this article reviews MRI methods for the spinal plexus nerves, with an emphasis on imaging of the brachial and lumbosacral plexus.