孤独症谱系障碍儿童运动功能与核心症状的关联

目的 了解孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童运动功能和社交沟通障碍、重复刻板行为之间的关系，为ASD儿童的诊断和干预提供参考依据。方法 在广州市孤独症儿童精准康复服务定点康复机构招募2～12岁ASD儿童123例，其中男童105例，女童18例。采用儿童发育性运动协调障碍问卷、社交沟通量表、重复刻板行为检查表分别评估儿童的运动功能、社交沟通能力和重复刻板行为，通过多重线性回归分析ASD儿童运动功能和核心症状的关系。结果 2～5岁儿童中，非运动功能缺陷者社交互动领域(7.73±4.00)得分低于运动功能缺陷者(9.76±2.90)(Z=-2.29,P<0.05);6～12岁儿童中，非运动功能缺陷者的重复及刻板的行为模式领域(4.22±1.93)、重复感觉运动型(3.91±2.63)、坚持一致型(13.52±10.59)得分低于运动功能缺陷者(6.11±1.54,14.00±8.49,31.33±15.05)(Z值分别为-2.48,-3.83,-3.28,P值均<0.01)。多重线性回归分析显示，2～5和6～12岁ASD儿童的精细运动/书写能力和运动中的控制能力分别与社交沟通障碍、重复刻...

Association between motor coordination and core symptoms in children with autism spectrum disorder

  Objective  To study the relationship between motor coordination, social communication impairment, and restricted/repetitive behaviors (RRBs) in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).  Methods  A total of 123 ASD children aged 2-12 were recruited from rehabilitation service institutions for autistic children in Guangzhou, including 105 boys and 18 girls. The Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire, Social Communication Questionnaire, and Restrictive Behavior Scale-Revised were collected to measure motor coordination, social communication skills and RRBs, respectively. Multiple linear regression was used to explore the association between motor coordination and core symptoms.  Results  In children aged 2-5 years old, those without motor coordination deficits scored lower in social interaction (7.73±4.00) than others (9.76±2.90)(Z=-2.29, P < 0.05). In children aged 6-12 years old, those without motor coordination deficits scored lower in restricted, repetitive, and stereotyped patterns of behavior (4.22±1.93), repetitive sensory-motor behaviors (3.91±2.63), and insistence on sameness (13.52±10.59) than those with motor coordination deficits (6.11±1.54, 14.00±8.49, 31.33±15.05)(Z=-2.48, -3.83, -3.28, P < 0.01)。Multiple linear regression analysis showed that fine motor/handwriting and control during movement were negatively correlated with the severity of social communication impairment and RRBs respectively among children aged 2-5 and 6-12(β=-0.85--0.03, -2.98--0.17, P < 0.05).  Conclusion  Among autistic children, those with motor deficits suffered from more severe core symptoms. Motor assessment should be included in the ASD screening, diagnosis and management. Motor intervention should also be promoted in the rehabilitation in order to improve the prognosis and life quality.