2019年恶性肿瘤死亡对中国居民期望寿命的影响

目的:了解2019年中国居民死亡率前10顺位的恶性肿瘤死亡对期望寿命的影响情况。方法:根据世界卫生组织推荐的蒋庆琅法编制2019年中国居民的简略寿命表和去死因寿命表，计算2019年中国居民的期望寿命、去恶性肿瘤死因期望寿命、去恶性肿瘤死因期望寿命增长年（寿命损失年）以及寿命损失率。结果:2019年，去除全部恶性肿瘤死因人群期望寿命可提高2.68岁，增长幅度为3.38%。对期望寿命影响前5位的恶性肿瘤依次是肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、结直肠癌和食管癌，寿命损失年分别为0.70岁、0.39岁、0.29岁、0.18岁和0.17岁。恶性肿瘤对85岁以上人群的期望寿命影响最大，寿命损失率为10.13%。男性、城市和东部地区居民恶性肿瘤寿命损失分别高于女性、农村和中西部居民。结论:2019年中国居民恶性肿瘤死因寿命损失年较高，建议将肺癌作为防治重点，应关注老年群体，肿瘤防治工作应侧重于男性、城市和东部地区居民。

Impact of cancer death on life expectancy of Chinese residents in 2019

Objective:To understand the impact of cancer deaths on life expectancy in the top 10 paratypes of mortality among Chinese residents in 2019.Methods:The abridged life expectancy table and the cause-eliminated life table of Chinese people in 2019 were prepared according to the Chin Long Chiang method recommended by the World Health Organization,and the life expectancy,de-cause of cancer death life expectancy,de-cause of malignancy death life expectancy growth year (life loss year) and life loss rate of Chinese residents in 2019 were calculated.Results:In 2019,life expectancy of the population with all causes of death from malignant neoplasm removed could be increased by 2.68 years,with an increase of 3.38%.The top 5 malignant tumors affecting life expectancy were lung,liver,stomach,colorectal and esophageal cancers in order,with life years lost of 0.70,0.39,0.29,0.18 and 0.17 years,respectively.Malignant tumors had the greatest impact on the life expectancy of people aged 85 years or older,with a life expectancy loss rate of 10.13%.The life expectancy loss of malignant neoplasms was higher for males,urban and eastern residents than for females,rural and mid-western residents,respectively.Conclusion:In 2019,the year of life expectancy loss due to cancer death is higher for Chinese residents,and it is recommended that lung cancer should be the focus of prevention and treatment,that attention should be paid to older age groups,and that tumor prevention and treatment efforts should focus on men,urban and eastern region residents.