手术室护士心理资本对职业倦怠的影响:工作沉浸的中介作用及性别调节

目的 探讨手术室护士心理资本、工作沉浸和职业倦怠之间的关系,并分析工作沉浸在心理资本与职业倦怠之间的中介效应及性别的调节效应。 方法 采用方便抽样法,于2021年8—12月选取山东省三级甲等医院293名手术室护士为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、积极心理资本问卷、护士工作沉浸体验问卷和护士职业倦怠量表进行调查。 结果 研究所纳入的293名手术室护士职业倦怠总分为(35.72±19.55)分;心理资本与职业倦怠呈负相关(r_s=-0.48,P<0.01),与工作沉浸呈正相关(r_s=0.54,P<0.01),工作沉浸与职业倦怠呈负相关(r_s=-0.40,P<0.01)。工作沉浸部分中介了心理资本和职业倦怠的关系,效应量占22%;性别在工作沉浸与职业倦怠间起调节作用,工作沉浸对职业倦怠的预测作用在男护士中更加显著。 结论 手术室护士的职业倦怠值得关注,提升心理资本和工作沉浸可能有助于缓解职业倦怠,尤其是在男性护士群体。

Effects of psychological capital on occupational burnout in operating room nurses: the mediating role of flow at work and the moderation of gender

Objective To explore the association between psychological capital(Psycap), flow at work and occupational burnout among operating room nurses, and to analyze the mediating effect of flow at work between psychological capital and occupational burnout, as well as the moderating effect of gender. Methods Convenience sampling method was used to select 293 nurses from tertiary class A hospitals in Shandong Province from Aug. to Dec. 2021, who were surveyed with General Information Questionnaire, Positive Psychological Capital Questionnaire, Nurse work related flow Questionnaire and Maslach Burnout Inventory. Results The total score of occupational burnout was(35.72±19.55). Psychological capital was negatively related to occupational burnout(r_s=-0.48, P<0.01), but positively related to flow at work(r_s=0.54, P<0.01). Flow at work was negatively related to occupational burnout(r_s=-0.40, P<0.01), partially mediated the relationship between psychological capital and occupational burnout, and the mediating effect size was 22%. Gender moderated the relationship between flow at work and occupational burnout. Flow at work was more significant in predicting occupational burnout among male nurses. Conclusion The occupational burnout of operating room nurses deserves attention, and improving psychological capital and flow at work may help alleviate burnout, especially among male nurses.