2015-2020年山西省耐药结核病流行特征与空间聚集性分析

目的 了解2015—2020年山西省耐药结核病流行特征及空间聚集性，为制定耐药结核病防控措施提供科学依据。方法 利用《结核病信息管理系统》相关数据，对山西省耐药结核病流行特征进行描述性分析；应用ArcGis 10.8、GeoDa 1.20软件进行全局和局部空间自相关分析，确定山西省耐药结核病聚集区域。结果 2015—2020年山西省共登记耐药结核病患者970例，年均登记率为0.46/10万，登记率总体呈上升趋势(趋势χ²=68.644,P<0.01)；男女性别比为2.44∶1，发病年龄以40～59岁组为主，职业以农民为主；空间自相关分析显示，2017—2019年山西省耐药结核病登记率存在空间正相关，高–高聚集区主要分布在长治市、运城市、晋城市、吕梁市、大同市。结论 2015—2020年山西省耐药结核病登记率总体呈上升趋势，应加强重点人群和重点区域的耐药结核病防治工作，减少耐药结核病的传播。

Epidemiological characteristics and spatial clustering of drug-resistant tuberculosis in Shanxi

  Objective  To understand the epidemiological characteristics and spatial distribution of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) in Shanxi province from 2015 to 2020, and provide theoretical basis for the development of DR-TB prevention and control measures.   Methods  A retrospective observational study and a spatial analysis were conducted by using DR-TB data from the Tuberculosis Control Institute of Shanxi Province during 2015?2020. The global and local spatial autocorrelation analyses were carried out by using software ArcGis 10.8 and GeoDa 1.20 to identify the clustering areas of DR-TB in Shanxi.   Results  A total of 970 DR-TB cases were reported in Shanxi during 2015?2020. The annual registration rate of DR-TB was 0.46 per 100 000 population, and an overall upward trend was observed in DR-TB during 2015?2020 (trend χ2=68.644, P<0.01). The male-female ratio of the cases was 2.44∶1, and the proportion of the cases was highest in age group 40?59 years. Most cases were farmers. Spatial clustering analysis showed that there was positive global spatial autocorrelation of the registration rate of DR-TB in Shanxi, and the high-high clustering areas were mainly distributed in Changzhi, Yuncheng, Jincheng, Lyuliang and Datong.   Conclusion  The registration rate of DR-TB in Shanxi showed an overall upward trend from 2015 to 2020. It is suggested to strengthen the prevention and control of DR-TB in key populations and key areas to reduce the spread of DR-TB.