三阴性乳腺癌临床治疗进展

本文对近年来三阴性乳腺癌(triple-negative breast cancer, TNBC)在手术、放疗、化疗、靶向治疗、免疫治疗等方面的临床研究进展进行回顾和总结，以期对临床实践有所裨益。手术治疗方面，符合适应证的保乳手术和前哨淋巴结活检成为早期TNBC治疗的主要趋势，而乳房重建将进一步改善全乳切除术后患者的心理状态和生活质量。放疗方面，区域淋巴结照射、术中放疗、大分割放疗、加速局部乳房等方面的进展，将为TNBC的精细化放疗模式提供依据。药物治疗方面，奥拉帕利、戈沙妥珠单抗、艾立布林、优替德隆、帕博利珠单抗等药物在TNBC治疗中取得突破性进展。随着对肿瘤免疫机制和发病机制的深入研究，精准治疗和药物临床试验不断发展，TNBC患者的预后和生活质量将得到进一步改善。

Clinical Trials and Current Progress in the Treatment of Triple-negative Breast Cancer

This article enumerates the latest updates on clinical trials in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) in surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy. Breast-conserving surgery and sentinel lymph node biopsy have become current trends in early-stage breast cancer, and breast reconstruction can significantly improve patients' quality life and mental health after mastectomy. The progress in radiotherapy includes regional lymph node radiation, intraoperative radiotherapy, hypofractionated radiation, and accelerated partial breast irradiation. In addition, olaparib, sacituzumab govitecan, halaven, utidelone, and Pembrolizumab have been applied in the treatment of TNBC, with promising efficacy and acceptable safety profiles. In the future, a better understanding of mechanisms involved in tumorigenesis, accompanied by individualized treatment, would improve the prognosis and life quality of patients with TNBC.