基于行动研究法的健康教育对全髋关节置换术患者术后康复的影响

  目的  探究基于行动研究法的健康教育对全髋关节置换术(THR)患者心理弹性、康复依从性、自护能力及术后髋关节功能康复的影响。  方法  采用随机数字表法将2019年1月—2022年1月河南省人民医院行THR的100例患者分为研究组(50例)与对照组(50例)，分别接受基于行动研究法的健康教育与常规健康教育，干预至出院后3个月。干预前、干预后3个月分别通过心理弹性量表(CD-RISC)、Harris髋关节评分表对2组患者心理弹性、髋关节恢复情况进行评估，统计2组术后不同时间点康复依从情况、干预后1个月并发症发生情况，干预后3个月行自我护理能力测试量表(ESCA)测定。  结果  研究组干预后3个月CD-RISC与ESCA各项评分及干预后1个月、3个月Harris评分均明显高于对照组(均P < 0.05)；研究组术后1周、1个月、3个月完全依从率分别为88.00%、68.00%、54.00%，均明显高于对照组的50.00%、40.00%、28.00%(均P < 0.05)；研究组干预后1个月并发症总发生率(4.00%)明显低于对照组(22.00%，P < 0.05)。  结论  基于行动研究法的健康教育能有效提高THR患者术后心理弹性与自护能力，增强其康复依从性，减少并发症，有利于髋关节恢复。 

Effects of health education based on action research method on the postoperative rehabilitation of patients with total hip replacement

  Objective  To explore the effect of health education based on action research method on mental resilience, rehabilitation compliance, self-care ability and postoperative hip functional rehabilitation of patients with total hip replacement (THR).  Methods  A total of 100 patients who received THR in Henan Provincial People' s Hospital from January 2019 to January 2022 were divided into study group (n=50) and control group (n=50) by the random number table method. They received action research method-based health education and routine health education respectively, and the intervention lasted for 3 months after discharge. Mental resilience and hip recovery of patients in the two groups were evaluated by using the Conner Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC) and Harris hip rating scale before the intervention and after 3 months of intervention. The rehabilitation compliance of the two groups at different postoperative time points and complications after 1 month of intervention were analysed, and exercise self-care agency (ESCA) was performed after 3 months of intervention.  Results  The CD-RISC and ESCA scores of the study group were significantly higher than those of the control group after 3 months of intervention, as well as Harris scores after 1 and 3 months of intervention (all P < 0.05). The complete compliance rates of the study group at 1 week, 1 month and 3 months after surgery were 88.00%, 68.00% and 54.00%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of the control group at 50.00%, 40.00% and 28.00% (all P < 0.05). The total incidence of complications after 1 month of intervention in the study group was 4.00%, which was lower than that in the control group (22.00%, P < 0.05).  Conclusion  Health education based on the action research method can improve the postoperative mental resilience and self-care ability of patients with THR, enhance their rehabilitation compliance, reduce complications and promote the recovery of hip joint.