超重儿童对食物线索的注意偏向特点

目的 探究超重儿童对食物线索的注意偏向特点,为超重儿童的行为生活干预方式提供理论依据。方法 2017年9—10月,通过体质量指数(BMI)筛选出沈阳市某小学三至四年级正常儿童与超重儿童各28名,使用点探测研究范式评估超重儿童对食物线索的注意偏向特点。结果 在对食物线索的注意偏向分数上,超重儿童与正常儿童差异无统计学意义[F(1,52)=0.01,P>0.05,ηp²<0.01];在对食物线索的注意警觉分数上,超重儿童与正常儿童差异有统计学意义[F(1,52)=5.94,P<0.05,ηp²=0.10],正常儿童对食物线索的注意警觉分数高于超重儿童;在对食物线索的注意解除分数上,超重儿童与正常儿童差异有统计学意义[F(1,52)=7.74,P<0.05,ηp²=0.13],超重儿童的注意解除分数高于正常儿童。结论 与正常儿童相比,超重儿童对食物线索并未存在更高的注意偏向;但对食物线索注意偏向的特点不同,正常儿童对食物线索更为警觉,而超重儿童更难以从食物线索中解除注意。

Attentional bias for food cues in overweight children

  Objective  To explore the characteristics of overweight children's attention bias to food cues, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the behavior and life intervention of overweight children.  Methods  From September to October 2017, 28 normal-weight children and 28 overweight children in grades 3 to 4 of a primary school in Shenyang were screened by body mass index (BMI). The point detection paradigm was used to evaluate the attention bias of overweight children to food cues.  Results  There was no significant difference between overweight children and control children in the score of attention bias to food cues [F(1, 52)=0.01, P>0.05, ηp2 < 0.01]; there was significant difference between overweight children and normal-weight children in the score of facilitated attention to food cues[F(1, 52)=5.94, P < 0.05, ηp2=0.10], normal-weight children had higher score of facilitated attention to food cues than that of overweight children; there was significant difference between overweight children and normal-weight children in the score of difficulty in disengaging to food cues[F(1, 52)=7.74, P < 0.05, ηp2=0.13], overweight children had higher score of difficulty in disengaging to food cues than that of normal-weight children.  Conclusion  Compared with normal-weight children, overweight children didn't have higher attention bias to food cues; in the specific indicators of attention bias to food cues, normal-weight children are more alert to food cues, while overweight children are more difficult to remove attention from food cues.