环磷酰胺和甲苯合用复制小鼠再生障碍性贫血模型及病理学观察

目的　以环磷酰胺和甲苯联合应用的方法建立小鼠再生障碍性贫血动物模型 ,并进行病理学观察。方法　昆明种小鼠 ,于皮下注射环磷酰胺 (5 0mg kg ,隔天 1次 ,共 4次 )及甲苯吸入染毒 (浓度 30mg L ,每次 2h ,共 8d)。对照组以等量生理盐水皮下注射 ,不染毒。 10d ,观察血象、骨髓、脾脏及外周微循环等病理变化。结果　血象 :模型组小鼠外周血象显示三系细胞均有显著降低 (P <0 0 1) ;病检 :骨髓增生显著低下 ,造血细胞含量减少 ,脂肪细胞明显增多 ;脾脏萎缩 ,脾小体变小或消失 ,部分小鼠有髓外造血灶 ;外周血微循环障碍等。各项指标基本符合再生障碍性贫血形态学表现。经 35d观察 ,病变持续存在 ,病变及表现与人的再障相似。对照组无上述改变。结论　环磷酰胺与甲苯合用复制再生障碍性贫血小鼠模型 ,方法简便 ,成功率高 ,有利于药物筛选应用。

A Mouse Aplastic Anemia Model Established by Cyclophosphamide and Methylbenzene Combination

Objective To establish a mouse aplastic anemia model by using cyclophosphamide and methylbenzene, and research its pathomorphology. Method Cyclophosphamide 50.0mg/kg was injected each other day, four times,with inhalation of toluene (30mg/L, 2h/d for 8 days) to reproduce aplastic anemia model. Control group was injected with equivalent saline subcutaneously without narcotics. Result The peripheral hemogram of mice in the model groups showed that there was a remarkable decrease in three types of cells (p<0.01) and in bone marrow hyperplasia. And there was a distinct increase in lipocytes. The spleen was atrophied, and its lymphnodule became small or disappeared. The microcirculation of ear was obstructed. All indices conformed to aplastic anemia. After 35 days, the pathological changes still existed. The changes were similar to human aplastic anemia, while there wasn't such changes in the control group. Conclusion The method to reproduce aplastic anemia model was simple, and had a high success rate. It could be used to screen relative drugs.