Toll样受体基因多态性与儿童脓毒血症相关性研究进展

脓毒血症（sepsis）是指机体由于严重感染而引起的全身炎症反应,严重脓毒症在美国是儿科重症监护单位的首位死亡原因,在我国,情况亦不容乐观.Toll样受体（Toll like receptors,TLRs）是一个高度保守的模式识别受体蛋白家族,通过识别内源性或外源性病原体的病原相关分子模式（pathogen-associated molecular patterns,PAMPs）而激活并启动级联式的免疫反应,在儿童脓毒血症的发生与进展中发挥重要的作用.迄今为止,在人类中发现了10种以上的Toll样受体分子.目前对TLRs与儿童脓毒血症的相关性研究主要集中在TLR2、TLR4两种受体上,少量研究揭示TLR5也与脓毒血症相关.TLR3能识别双链RNA结构,在病毒免疫中具有独特的地位,对病毒诱发并伴随细菌感染的儿童脓毒血症可能有重要意义.目前对TLRs表达干预的研究较少且不明确.

Research progress on correlation between allelic polymorphism of toll like receptors and pediatric sepsis

Sepsis is a leading killer in intensive care units of pediatric and neonatal in America, and it is also disastrous in China. Toll like receptors （TLRs） are a group of immune ~ceptors involved in the recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns （PAMPs） such as immune response in pediatric sepsis. Over 10 types of TLRs have been found in humans. Most studies reveal the relationship between TLR2, TLR4 and pediatric sepsis, and a few studies show that there are relationship between TLR5 and pediatric sepsis. TLR3 could recognize Double-stranded RNA （dsRNA）, and it is supposed to be an important factor in pediatric sepsis because most of pediatric sepsis are mixed infection initially caused by viruses. Currently there are few studies about intervention of TLRs＇ expression.